Air Pollution

C. A. Brebbia, J. W. S. Longhurst (Herausgeber)

673 Seiten

2008
WIT Press (Hersteller)
978-1-84564-349-2 (ISBN)

Infos

Air pollution remains one of the most challenging problems facing the international community; it is widespread and growing in importance and has clear and known impacts on health and the environment. The human need for transport, manufactured goods and services brings with it often unintended, but none the less real, impacts on the atmospheric environment at scales from the local to the global. Whilst there are good examples of regulatory successes in minimising such impacts the rate of development of the global economy bring new pressures and the willingness of governments to regulate air pollution is often balanced by concerns over the economic impact of regulation. This volume contains the peer-reviewed papers accepted for the Sixteenth International Conference on Modelling, Monitoring and Management of Air Pollution held in Skiathos, Greece in September 2008. This successful international meeting builds upon the prestigious outcomes of the 15 preceding conferences and has attracted outstanding contributions from leading researchers from around the world.Contributions in this volume address a broad range of scientific and technical developments in our understanding of the fundamental causes of air pollution, the control and management options to mitigate air pollution and the environmental effects of emitted pollutants. Papers presented here provide new data or present critical reviews in the themes of modelling studies, policy and management studies, global and regional studies, emission, monitoring and measurement studies and impact studies.

Inhalt

Section 1: Air pollution modelling Elevated PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Europe: a model experiment with MM5-CMAQ and WRF-CHEM; Analytic solutions of the diffusion-deposition equation for fluids heavier than atmospheric air; Air quality forecasting in a large city; Meshing effects on CFD modelling of atmospheric flow over buildings situated on ground with high terrain; Enhanced evaluation of a Lagrangian-particle air pollution model based on a AealeA'ka region field data set; Modelling the multi year air quality time series in Edinburgh: an application of the Hierarchical Profiling Approach; Definition of PM10 emission factors from traffic: use of tracers and definition of background concentration; LNG dispersion over the sea; Modelling of air pollutants released from highway traffic in Hungary; Dust barriers in open pit blasts. Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations; Contribution of oil palm isoprene emissions to tropospheric ozone levels in the Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (Ecuador); Some reflections on the modelling of biogenic emissions of monoterpenes in the boreal zone; An evaluation of SOA modelling in the Madrid metropolitan area; Comparison between ozone monitoring data and modelling data, in Italy, from the perspective of health indicator assessments Section 2: Air quality management Dealing with air pollution in Europe; The development and operation of the United Kingdom's air quality management regime; Integrating local air quality and carbon management at a regional and local governance level: a case study of south west England; Failures and successes in the implementation of an air quality management program in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico; Emission management system in the Russian Federation: necessity for reforming and future adaptation of the western experience; Outdoor air quality data analysis of Al-Mansoriah residential area (Kuwait): air quality indices results; A modelling tool for PM10 exposure assessment: an application example; Air pollution and management in the Niger Delta - emerging issues; Air quality monitoring and management for the industrialized Highveld region of South Africa; Real time air quality forecasting systems for industrial plants and urban areas by using the MM5-CMAQ-EMIMO Section 3: Emission studies Air quality in the vicinity of a governmental school in Kuwait; Emissions of nitrogen dioxide from modern diesel vehicles; Errors in model predictions of NOx traffic emissions at road level - impacts of input data quality; Air pollution from traffic, ships and industry in an Italian port; Fugitive dust from agricultural land affecting air quality within the Columbia Plateau, USA; Emission inventory for urban transport in the rush hour: application to Seville; Modeling carbon emissions from urban land conversion: gamma distribution model; Reduction of CO2 emissions by carbonation of alkaline wastewater Section 4: Monitoring and measuring Characterisation of inhalable atmospheric aerosols; Data handling of complex GC-MS signals to characterize homologous series as organic source tracers in atmospheric aerosols; Monitoring of trace organic air pollutants - a developing country perspective; NIST gas standards containing volatile organic compounds in support of ambient air pollution measurements; A comparison of EPA and EN requirements for nitrogen oxide chemiluminescence analyzers; A procedure for correcting readings in chemiluminescence nitrogen oxide analyzers due to the effect of sample pressure; New measures of wind angular dispersion in three dimensions; Variation of air pollution with related meteorological factors in Tripoli (case study) Section 5: Urban air management Prediction of air pollution levels using neural networks: influence of spatial variability; Environmental planning and management of air quality: the case of Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico; High-resolution air quality modelling and time scale analysis of ozone and NOx in Osaka, Japan; Practical problems associated with assessing the impact of outdoor smoking on outdoor air quality: an Edinburgh study; Role of leaf- and rhizosphere-associated bacteria in reducing air pollution of industrial cities in Saudi Arabia Section 6: Indoor air pollution Indoor concentrations of VOCs and ozone in two cities of Northern Europe during the summer period; Comparative study of indoor-outdoor exposure against volatile organic compounds in South and Middle America; Sampling of respirable particle PM10 in the library at the Metropolitana University, Campus Azcapotzalco, Mexico City; Impacts of ventilation: studies on environmental tobacco smokeA"; PCB contamination in indoor buildings; Evaluation of Indoor Air treatment by two pilot-scale biofilters packed with compost and compost-based material Section 7: Aerosols and particles The role of PM10 in air quality and exposure in urban areas; Spatial distribution of ultrafine particles at urban scale: the road-to-ambient stage; Electromagnetic and informational pollution as a co-challenge to air pollution; Genotoxic and oxidative damage related to PM2.5 chemical fraction; Preliminary results of aerosol optical thickness from MIVIS data Section 8: Air pollution effects on ecosystems Response of lichens to heavy metal and SO2 pollution in Poland - an overview; Forest ecosystem development after heavy deposition loads - case study Dubener Heide; Impact of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions on ozone formation in the Kinki region, Japan Section 9: Policy studies Potential contribution of local air quality management to environmental justice in England; Are environmental health officers and transport planners in English local authorities working together to achieve air quality objectives?; A fuzzy MCDM framework for the environmental pollution potential of industries focusing on air pollution; A Model Municipal By-Law for regulating wood burning appliances

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 12.9.2008
• Reihe/Serie: WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment ; No. 116
• Verlagsort: Southampton
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• ISBN-10: 1-84564-349-6 / 1845643496
• ISBN-13: 978-1-84564-349-2 / 9781845643492
• Zustand: Neuware