Exploitation and Developing Countries

The Ethics of Clinical Research

Jennifer S. Hawkins, Ezekiel J. Emanuel (Herausgeber)

Buch | Hardcover

320 Seiten

2008
Princeton University Press (Verlag)
978-0-691-12675-3 (ISBN)

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Exploitation is a concept in moral thought that has not often been analyzed outside the Marxist tradition. This work reflects on the meaning of exploitation, to ask whether and when clinical research in developing countries counts as exploitative, and to consider what can be done to minimize the possibility of exploitation in such circumstances.

When is clinical research in developing countries exploitation? Exploitation is a concept in ordinary moral thought that has not often been analyzed outside the Marxist tradition. Yet it is commonly used to describe interactions that seem morally suspect in some way. A case in point is clinical research sponsored by developed countries and carried out in developing countries, with participants who are poor and sick, and lack education. Such individuals seem vulnerable to abuse. But does this, by itself, make such research exploitative?"Exploitation and Developing Countries" is an attempt by philosophers and bioethicists to reflect on the meaning of exploitation, to ask whether and when clinical research in developing countries counts as exploitative, and to consider what can be done to minimize the possibility of exploitation in such circumstances. These reflections should interest clinical researchers, since locating the line between appropriate and inappropriate use of subjects - the line between exploitation and fair use - is the central question at the heart of research ethics.
Reflection on this rich and important moral concept should also interest normative moral philosophers of a non-Marxist bent. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Richard J. Arneson, Alisa L. Carse, Margaret Olivia Little, Thomas Pogge, Andrew W. Siegel, and Alan Wertheimer.

Jennifer S. Hawkins is assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto. Ezekiel J. Emanuel is chairman of the Department of Bioethics at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health.

Introduction: Why Exploitation? by Jennifer S. Hawkins and Ezekiel J. Emanuel 1 CHAPTER 1: Research Ethics, Developing Countries, and Exploitation: A Primer by Jennifer S. Hawkins 21 CHAPTER 2: Case Studies: The Havrix Trial and the Surfaxin Trial 55 CHAPTER 3: Exploitation in Clinical Research by Alan Wertheimer 63 CHAPTER 4: Testing Our Drugs on the Poor Abroad by Thomas Pogge 105 CHAPTER 5: Broadly Utilitarian Theories of Exploitation and Multinational Clinical Research by Richard J. Arneson 142 CHAPTER 6: Kantian Ethics, Exploitation, and Multinational Clinical Trials by Andrew W. Siegel 175 CHAPTER 7: Exploitation and the Enterprise of Medical Research by Alisa L. Carse and Margaret Olivia Little 206 CHAPTER 8: Exploitation and Placebo Controls by Jennifer S. Hawkins 246 CHAPTER 9: Addressing Exploitation: Reasonable Availability versus Fair Benefits by Ezekiel J. Emanuel 286 Index 315

Erscheint lt. Verlag	24.8.2008
Zusatzinfo	2 tables.
Verlagsort	New Jersey
Sprache	englisch
Maße	152 x 235 mm
Gewicht	595 g
Themenwelt	Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Medizinethik
Themenwelt	Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Geschichte / Ethik der Medizin
ISBN-10	0-691-12675-5 / 0691126755
ISBN-13	978-0-691-12675-3 / 9780691126753
Zustand	Neuware