Anatomy - An Essential Textbook, Latin Nomenclature (eBook)

Anne M. Gilroy (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2022 | 2. Auflage
636 Seiten
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
978-1-68420-514-1 (ISBN)

Infos

<p><strong><em>Second edition of acclaimed, richly illustrated textbook is the definitive resource for learning challenging anatomy!</em></strong></p> <p>While the relevance of anatomy to medical diagnosis and treatment continually evolves, anatomical knowledge will always be instrumental to effective treatment of patients. Building on the tradition of the highly acclaimed prior editions, <cite>Anatomy: An Essential Textbook, Latin Nomenclature, Second Edition</cite> by Anne M. Gilroy features new learning components that leverage the Thieme companion, <cite>Atlas of Anatomy, Latin Nomenclature, Fourth Edition</cite>. Concise, bulleted text paired with large, detailed anatomic figures enhance visual learning and retention of knowledge.</p> <p>Organized by eight units, the book starts with basic concepts and a general overview of anatomic systems. Subsequent units focused on regional anatomy cover the Back, Thorax, Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region, Pelvis and Perineum, Upper Limb, Lower Limb, and Head and Neck. Each unit includes a chapter on the practical application of regional imaging and extensive question sets with detailed explanations. A new ordering of chapters now mirrors the revised organization of the Atlas and sequence of dissections in most gross anatomy programs.</p> <ul> <li>More than 100 new images, updated illustrations, and revised versions of all autonomic schematics enhance understanding of anatomy</li> <li>New topics in clinical and developmental anatomy addressed throughout include clinically important vascular anastomoses, spinal cord development, and common anatomic anomalies</li> <li>Matching colored side tabs allow quick access to similar units in both books</li> <li>Over 50 of the new and previously included clinical and developmental correlations now feature descriptive images, radiographs, or schematics</li> <li>Self-testing sections in each unit have been expanded with over 40 new USMLE®-style question sets with detailed explanations</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>This is the quintessential resource for medical students to build anatomy knowledge and confidence as they progress in their medical careers.</p> <p>This print book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on <a href='https://medone.thieme.com/'>https://medone.thieme.com</a>.</p>

Textauszug

1Introduction to Anatomic Systems and Terminology

Anatomy of the human body can be studied by inspection of all the systems that occupy a specific region or by considering the global aspects of a particular system throughout the entire body. The first approach tends to focus on anatomic relationships while the second is better suited to studying physiologic influences. Most systems, however, are conveniently confined to one or two regions, and in this text are discussed in the units devoted to those regions. Some systems, however, (those included in this chapter) are more pervasive throughout the body, and a fundamental understanding of their basic organization is important before undertaking the study of the systems they support.

1.1Structural Design of the Human Body

The most preliminary inspection of the human body reveals that it is structurally divided into a head and neck region, a trunk, and paired upper and lower extremities (limbs). Each is further divided into smaller regions (Fig. 1.1; Table 1.1). These house the structures that make up the functional organ systems that perform the basic bodily functions (Table 1.2). Although the primary organ of a system is often confined to a single anatomic region (e.g., the brain resides in the head), systems extend beyond regional borders, both anatomically and physiologically, to integrate their influences on normal function and growth.

Table 1.1 Regional Subdivisions of the Body

Head (Caput)

Neck (Collum)

Trunk (Truncus)

•Thorax (chest) •Abdomen •Pelvis

Upper limb (Membrum superius)

•Shoulder girdle (Cingulum membri superioris) •Free upper limb (Pars libera membri superioris)

Lower limb (Membrum inferius)

•Pelvic girdle (Cingulum membri inferioris) •Free lower limb (Pars libera membri inferioris)

Table 1.2 Functional Subdivisions by Organ Systems

Locomotor system (musculoskeletal system)

•Skeleton and skeletal connections (passive part) •Striated skeletal musculature (active part)

Viscera

•Cardiovascular system •Hemolymphatic system •Endocrine system •Respiratory system •Digestive system •Urinary system •Male and female reproductive system

Nervous system

•Central and peripheral nervous system •Sensory organs

The skin and its appendages

Fig. 1.1 Structural design of the human body: location of the internal organs

(From Schuenke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U. THIEME Atlas of Anatomy, Vol 1. Illustrations by Voll M and Wesker K. 3rd ed. New York: Thieme Publishers; 2020.)

Fig. 1.2 Anatomic position

Anterior view. (From Schuenke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U. THIEME Atlas of Anatomy, Vol 1. Illustrations by Voll M and Wesker K. 3rd ed. New York: Thieme Publishers; 2020.)

Table 1.3 General Terms of Location and Direction

Term	Explanation

Upper Body (Caput, Collum, and Truncus)

Cranialis

Pertaining to, or located toward, the head

Caudalis

Pertaining to, or located toward, the tail

Anterior

Pertaining to, or located toward, the front; synonym: ventralis (used for all animals)

Posterior

Pertaining to, or located toward, the back; synonym: dorsalis (used for all animals)

Superior

Upper or above

Inferior

Lower or below

Axialis

Pertaining to the axis of a structure

Transversus

Situated at right angles to the long axis of a structure

Longitudinalis

Parallel to the long axis of a structure

Horizontalis

Parallel to the plane of the horizon

Verticalis

Perpendicular to the plane of the horizon

Medialis

Toward the median plane

Lateralis

Away from the median plane (toward the side)

Medianus

Situated in the median plane or midline

Peripheralis

Situated away from the center

Superficialis

Situated near the surface

Profundus

Situated deep beneath the surface

Externus

Outer or lateral

Internus

Inner or medial

Apicalis

Pertaining to the top or apex

Basalis

Pertaining to the bottom or base

Sagittalis

Situated parallel to the sutura sagittalis

Coronalis

Situated parallel to the sutura coronalis (pertaining to the crown of the head)

Limbs

Proximalis

Close to, or toward, the truncus, or toward the point of origin

Distalis

Away from the truncus (toward the end of the limb), or away from the point of origin

Radialis

Pertaining to the radius or the lateral side of the antebrachium

Ulnaris

Pertaining to the ulna or the medial side of the antebrachium

Tibialis

Pertaining to the tibia or the medial side of the crus

Fibularis

Pertaining to the fibula or the lateral side of the crus

Palmaris (volaris)

Pertaining to the palma

Plantaris

Pertaining to the planta

Dorsalis

Pertaining to the dorsum manus or dorsum pedis

1.2Terms of Location and Direction, Cardinal Planes, and Axes

—All locational and directional terms used in anatomy, and in medical practice, refer to the human body in the anatomic position, in which the body is upright, arms at the side, with the eyes, palms of the hands, and feet directed forward (Fig. 1.2, Table 1.3).

—Three perpendicular cardinal planes and three axes based on the three spatial coordinates can be drawn through the body (Fig. 1.3).

•The plana sagittalia passes through the body from front to back, dividing it into right and left sides.

•The plana coronalia passes through the body from side to side, dividing it into front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts.

•The plana transversalia (axial, horizontal, cross-sectional planes) divides the body into upper and lower parts. A particular ­transverse section is often given the designation of the corresponding vertebral level, such as T IV, which passes through vertebra thoracica T IV.

•The axis longitudinalis passes along the height of the body in a craniocaudal direction.

•The axis sagittalis passes from the front to the back (or the back to the front) of the body in an anteroposterior direction.

•The axis transversalis (horizontal axis) passes through the body from side to side.

Fig. 1.3 Cardinal planes and axes

Neutral position, left anterolateral view. (From Schuenke M, Schulte E, Schumacher U. THIEME Atlas of Anatomy, Vol 1. Illustrations by Voll M and Wesker K. 3rd ed. New York: Thieme Publishers; 2020.)

Fig. 1.4 Fascia

Cross section through the brachium dexter, proximal view. (From Schuenke M, Schulte...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.11.2022
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Chirurgie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Anatomie / Neuroanatomie
• Schlagworte: Abdomen • Back • Boards • Head • Illustrated • Lower Limb • Mediastinum • neck • Pelvis • Pleural Cavity • Q&A • questions-and-answer • Self-Assessment • step 1 • trunk wall • Upper Limb • USMLE review
• ISBN-10: 1-68420-514-X / 168420514X
• ISBN-13: 978-1-68420-514-1 / 9781684205141