Natural and Artificial Control of Hearing and Balance
Elsevier Science Ltd (Verlag)
978-0-444-81252-0 (ISBN)
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A group of internationally recognized engineers, basic scientists and clinicians who seek better understanding of how the neurophysiology of the inner ear and related structures of the central nervous system influence hearing and balance have provided this compendium. The underlying goal is to provide an impetus for the development and enhancement of man-made electrical systems that either produce an artificial sense of hearing or the artificial control of standing and locomotion. At the symposium on which this book is based, the authors were given the opportunity to respond to questions immediately, modifying their papers for this volume, thus providing direct peer-reviewing before publication.
Part 1 Vestibular and auditory receptor physiology: efferent synapse mechanisms in chick hair cells; cochlear function reflected in mammalian hair cell responses; sound processing by a.c. and d.c. movements of cochlear outer hair cells; performance of the avian inner ear; mechanical demodulation of hydrodynamic stimuli performed by the lateral line organ. Part 2 Otoacoustic emissions: amplitude fluctuations of spontaneous otoacoustic emissions caused by internal and externally applied noise sources; exploration of cochlear function by otoacoustic emmissions - relationship to pure-tone audiometry; distortion-product otoacoustic emmissions in normal and impaired ears - insights into generation processes. Part 3 Central auditory physiology: responses to speech signals in the normal and pathological peripheral auditory system; varieties of inhibition in the processing and control of processing in the mammalian cochlear nucleus; functional consequences of neonatal unilateral cochlear removal; functional organization and learning-related placticity in auditory cortex of the mongolian gerbil. Part 4 Interaction of cortical and proprioceptive reflex pathways controlling posture and gait: new aspects of human muscle coordination as revealed by motor-unit studies; interactions between pathways controlling posture and gait at the level of spinal interneurones in the cat; fusimotor control of proprioceptive feedback during locomotion and balancing - can simple lessons be learned for artificial control of gait?. Part 5 Vestibular control of posture: synaptic organization of the vestibulo-collic pathways from six semicircular canals to motoneurons of different neck muscles; vestibulospinal reflexes and the reticular formation; stance and balance following bilateral labyrinthectomy. Part 6 Neuroprosthetic control of hearing: quantitative comparison of electrically and acoustically evoked auditory perception - implications for the location of perceptual mechanisms; pattern recognition and masking in cochlear implant patients; a digital speech processor and various speech encoding strategies for cochlear implants; new hardware for analog and combined analog and pulsatile sound-encoding strategies. Part 7 Neuroprosthetic control of posture and gait: synergies and strategies underlying normal and vestibularly deficient control of balance - implications for neuroprosthetic control; human standing posture - multijoint movement strategies based on biomechanical contraints; an integrated EMG/biomechanical model of upper body balance and posture during human gait; control of standing and gait using electrical stimulation - influence of muscle model complexity on control strategy. (Part Contents).
| Reihe/Serie | Progress in Brain Research ; v. 97 |
|---|---|
| Zusatzinfo | index |
| Verlagsort | Oxford |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► HNO-Heilkunde |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie | |
| Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie | |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-444-81252-0 / 0444812520 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-444-81252-0 / 9780444812520 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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