Regulation of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Growth

Rao N. Jaladanki, Jian-Ying Wang (Autoren)

Buch | Softcover

132 Seiten

2016 | 2nd Revised edition
Morgan & Claypool Publishers (Verlag)
978-1-61504-734-5 (ISBN)

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The mammalian gastrointestinal mucosa is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body, and its homeostasis is preserved through the strict regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. The control of the growth of gastrointestinal mucosa is unique and, compared with most other tissue in the body, complex. Mucosal growth is regulated by the same hormones that alter metabolism in other tissues, but the gastrointestinal mucosa also responds to host events triggered by the ingestion and presence of food within the digestive tract. These gut hormones and peptides regulate the growth of the exocrine pancreas, gallbladder epithelium, and the mucosa of the oxyntic gland region of the stomach and the small and large intestines. Luminal factors, including nutrients or other dietary factors, secretions, and microbes that occur within the lumen and distribute over a proximal-to-distal gradient, are also crucial for maintenance of normal gut mucosal regeneration and could explain the villous-height-crypt-depth gradient and variety of adaptation, since these factors are diluted, absorbed, and destroyed as they pass down the digestive tract. Recently, intestinal stem cells, cellular polyamines, and noncoding RNAs are shown to play an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth under physiological and various pathological conditions. In this book, we highlight key issues and factors that control gastrointestinal mucosal growth and homeostasis, with special emphasis on the mechanisms through which epithelial renewal and apoptosis are regulated at the cellular and molecular levels.

Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MD 21201 Cell Biology Group, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MD 21201 LSU Health Sciences, Shreveport University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson

Introduction
Intestinal Architecture and Development
Characteristics of Gut Mucosal Growth
Intestinal Stem Cells
Role of GI Hormones on the Gut Mucosal Growth
Peptide Growth Factors in GI Mucosal Growth
Luminal Nutrients and Microbes in Gut Mucosal Growth
Polyamines in the Regulation of Mucosal Growth
Noncoding RNAs in Gut Mucosal Growth and Epithelium Integrity
Summary and Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Author Biographies

Erscheinungsdatum	11.12.2016
Reihe/Serie	Colloquium Series on Integrated Systems Physiology: From Molecule to Function
Mitarbeit	Herausgeber (Serie): D. Neil Granger, Joey P. Granger
Verlagsort	San Rafael
Sprache	englisch
Maße	191 x 235 mm
Gewicht	525 g
Themenwelt	Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Innere Medizin ► Gastroenterologie
	Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Anatomie / Neuroanatomie
	Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Evolution
	Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie
ISBN-10	1-61504-734-4 / 1615047344
ISBN-13	978-1-61504-734-5 / 9781615047345
Zustand	Neuware