Imaging and Implantology

Divya Mittal (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

124 Seiten

2016
Anchor Academic Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-95489-398-0 (ISBN)

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The ideal goal of modern dentistry is to restore the patient to normal contour, function, comfort, esthetics, speech, and health. What makes implant dentistry unique is the ability to achieve this ideal goal regardless of the atrophy, disease, or injury of the stomatognathic system. The mere knowledge of the technique of implant treatment is not sufficient to eliminate all problems, the dentist has to be able to analyze a given clinical situation and evaluate the complexity. These imaging modalities contribute information for every stage of the treatment, extending from pre-surgical diagnosis and treatment planning, through surgical placement and postoperative assessment of the implant, into the prosthetic restoration and long-term surveillance phase. So, to develop and implement a cohesive and comprehensive treatment plan, diagnosis and imaging play a major role. The purpose of implant imaging is to assist the implant team in restoring the patient's occlusion and function by providing accurate and reliable diagnostic information on the patient's anatomy at the proposed implant sites. The development of precise pre-surgical imaging techniques and surgical templates allow the dentist to place these implants with relative ease & predictability.

Dr. Divya Mittal, BDS,MDS in Prosthodontics from esteemed colleges of baba farid university of health sciences, faridkot. Currently working at guru nanak dev dental college and research institute, sunam as assistant professor in department of Prosthodontics.

Text Sample:
Chapter DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY:
The first digital X-ray sensors for use in dentistry were introduced in the mid-1980s by Francis Mouyen (RVG, Trophy Radiologie, Croissy Beaubourg, France [now Trophy, A Kodak Company, Rochester, N.Y.]). The first dental digital system was capable only of acquiring a radiographic image; the image could not be stored on disk but had to be printed. However simple it appeared to be, it marked the start of a new era. Shortly thereafter, another system was developed by Per Nelvig and colleagues (Sens-A-Ray, Regam Medical Systems, Sundsvall, Sweden), and within a decade many more manufacturers entered the market. Digital systems have improved considerably since then and now are a well accepted and useful technology in dental diagnosis.48,61,66
Digital radiographic images can be produced in different ways: flatbed scanners with a transparency adapter, slide scanners and digital cameras all can be used to convert an existing analog radiograph into a digital image. These approaches do not require a big investment, but nevertheless make it possible to bring radiographic images into the digital loop.61,66
Digital radiographs are of three types48,66:
Direct digital radiography
Semi-direct digital radiography
Indirect digital radiography
In direct and semi-direct digital radiography, diagnostic imaging is produced without analog precursor.48
Direct digital imaging is acquired using a solid-state sensor. The solid-state sensors are based on charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based chips.30,66
Semi-direct digital radiography: Semi direct images are obtained using a phosphor plate system.30,66
Indirect digital radiography uses flatbed scanners with a transparency adapter, slide scanners and digital cameras all can be used to convert an existing analog radiograph into a digital image. The images produced via this technique usually are referred to as "indirect digital radiographs".30,66

DIRECT DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
It includes:
Charged couple device technology (CCD)
Complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS)
CHARGED COUPLE DEVICE TECHNOLOGY (CCD)
Most solid-state sensors in digital dental radiography are based on CCD technology. CCD refers to the design of the electronic chip that is used to capture the radiographic image. The chip converts into an electronic signal the energy of X-ray photons hitting the sensor. To increase the efficiency of this conversion, a scintillation layer is placed on top of the CCD. The scintillation layer converts X-ray photons into light photons, which then are absorbed by the CCD chip and converted into the electronic signal. This signal is sent to the computer by means of a cord between the sensor and the computer48,61,66
COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY (CMOS)
Some solid-state sensors use CMOS technology. CMOS is not different from CCD technology in principle, but it does differ in terms of chip micro architecture. In a CMOS chip, more of the electronic components controlling the conversion of photon energy into the electronic signal are incorporated into the chip itself. This simplifies the manufacturing process and, thus, reduces the costs of production. This architecture gave CMOS an advantage over CCD for some time. However, most digital cameras on the consumer market are based on CCD technology. The quality and production costs of CCD chips have benefited from this advantage of scale, and nowadays the image quality levels of CCD- and CMOS based sensor systems are comparable.61,65
CCD and CMOS systems are connected to the computer by a cord. The connection can be via a wall box and the computer network. There are wireless systems on the market now, but these sensors are somewhat thicker than are systems with cords. The sensors are rigid and do not bend in the mouth of the patient and therefore could be more difficult for children to tolerate. The cord that connects the sens

Erscheint lt. Verlag	8.9.2016
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 220 mm
Gewicht	209 g
Themenwelt	Medizin / Pharmazie ► Zahnmedizin
ISBN-10	3-95489-398-3 / 3954893983
ISBN-13	978-3-95489-398-0 / 9783954893980
Zustand	Neuware