The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements (eBook)

J. A. Mcgeough (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
240 Seiten
John Wiley & Sons (Verlag)
978-1-118-53685-8 (ISBN)

Infos

Since the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery more
than fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made in
the field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials,
types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a better
understanding of the causes of implant failure. With an
increasingly ageing population the requirement for arthroplastic
surgery is manifest; over 800,000 hips worldwide are replaced each
year, and replacement surgery is performed for almost every joint
of the body.

The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements covers the
design, engineering, production and manufacture of human joint
replacements, as well as associated engineering concerns such as
surface coatings, orthopedic bone cement, the causes and effects of
wear and tear, and rapid prototyping for clinical evaluation.
Materials evaluation and selection is discussed, as well as
production processes and insertion methods. The author provides an
overview of skeletal anatomy and the effects of pain and
deterioration in order to put the engineering principles into a
medical context. Examples of joint replacements for the most common
regions of the body are included, and aspects of clinical studies
of these cases are discussed.

Key Features:

* Provides an overview of the engineering materials and
processes involved in the manufacture of human
joint replacements

* Sets the scene for engineers and clinicians embarking on
research into joint replacements

* Includes clinical and industrial examples and points the
way to future developments

* Provides information on medical device companies with an
engineering guide to the requirements for joint replacement

The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements bridges the
divide between engineering and orthopaedic surgery, offering an
introductory text to young engineers entering the field, as well as
a reference for medical staff who will benefit from an
understanding of the materials and methods used in their design,
engineering and manufacture.

Autor

Professor Joseph McGeough, Edinburgh University, UK Joseph McGeough is Regius Professor of Engineering Emeritus in the School of Engineering and Electronics at the University of Edinburgh. He assumed this role in 1983, having previously worked in Newcastle-upon-Tyne for the International Research and Development Company Ltd. which is now part of the Rolls Royce Group. He is a fellow of the IMechE and IEE, guest editor of the Journal of Materials Processing Technology, editor of the proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Production Engineering (CAPE), and has authored 3 books: Principles of Electrochemical Machining, Advanced Methods of Machining, and Micromachining of Engineering Materials (Editor). Recent research has been in the areas of non-traditional cutting, orthopaedic engineering, electrochemical machining and intelligent flooring.

Inhalt

Preface xi

1 Introduction 1

References 5

2 Basic Anatomy 7

2.1 Terminology 7

2.2 Human Skeleton 8

2.3 Joints 10

2.4 Cartilage 10

2.5 Protein and Collagen 11

2.6 Human Bone 14

References 22

3 Anatomy of Joints 25

3.1 Shoulder 25

3.2 Elbow 29

3.3 Wrist 34

3.4 Finger 38

3.5 Hip 38

3.6 Knee 43

3.7 Ankle 49

3.8 Foot 52

3.9 Toe 52

3.10 Degradation of Joints 54

References 56

4 Methods of Inspection for Joint Replacements 59

4.1 Introduction 59

4.2 Gait Analysis 60

4.3 X-ray 61

4.4 Tomography and Computed Tomography (CT) 64

4.5 Radionuclide Scanning 66

4.6 Ultrasonography 66

4.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 67

References 69

5 Materials in Human Joint Replacement 71

5.1 Introduction 71

5.2 Alloy Metals 71

5.3 Ceramics 79

5.4 Polymers 83

5.5 Joint Replacement Materials in Service 91

5.6 Nanomaterials 95

References 98

6 Methods of Manufacture of Joint Replacements 103

6.1 Introduction 103

6.2 Surface Finish 104

6.3 Tolerance 106

6.4 Wear and Friction 106

6.5 Machining 106

6.6 Forging 112

6.7 Casting 114

6.8 Manufacture of Polymer Parts 119

6.9 Surface Treatment 121

6.10 Surface Finishing of Implants 125

6.11 Manufacture of Joint Replacements 127

References 128

7 Computer-Aided Engineering in Joint Replacements 131

7.1 Introduction 131

7.2 Reverse Engineering 132

7.3 Solid Modelling 133

7.4 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) 137

7.5 Rapid Prototyping (RP) in Joint Replacement Manufacture 141

7.6 Computer-Aided Manufacture 145

7.7 Navigation 150

7.8 Robotics 153

References 162

8 Joint Replacement 167

8.1 Introduction 167

8.2 Shoulder 171

8.3 Elbow 175

8.4 Wrist 178

8.5 Fingers 180

8.6 Hip 183

8.7 Knee 191

8.8 Ankle 200

8.9 Foot and Toe 203

References 206

Index

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pflege
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Physiotherapie / Ergotherapie ► Orthopädie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• Schlagworte: biomedical engineering • Biomedizintechnik • Biosignal processing • Biosignalverarbeitung • Maschinenbau • Maschinenbau - Entwurf • mechanical engineering • Mechanical Engineering - Design
• ISBN-10: 1-118-53685-1 / 1118536851
• ISBN-13: 978-1-118-53685-8 / 9781118536858