Applied Toxicology: Approaches Through Basic Science

Proceedings of the 1996 EUROTOX Congress Meeting Held in Alicante, Spain, September 22–25, 1996

Jürg P. Seiler, Eugenio Vilanova (Herausgeber)

Buch | Softcover

XII, 417 Seiten

2011 | 1. Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-642-64505-1 (ISBN)

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Ultraviolet radiation, a component of sunlight, has been recognized by photobiologists, dermatologists, and oculists as a potential hazard for human health because of its genotoxic, carcinogenic and immunotoxic properties. Its effects on human health include the induction of skin cancers, ocular damage and impairment of immunity to certain infections. A few decennia ago it was demonstrated that UV photons can affect the activity of the immune system through interactions with the skin. This means that UV not only changes normal cells into cancer cells but also permits the outgrowth of the UV -transformed cells by depressing the immune system. An intriguing question is what interactions between UV radiation and the skin initiates alterations in immune function in the exposed skin and systemically, i. e. in other places than the exposed skin. During the last 20 years many studies have been performed in order to investigate the immunosuppressive activities of UVB in laboratory animals and in human volunteers. In particular effects of UVB radiation on resistance to tumours and skin associated infections have been examined. In addition, effects of UVB radiation on immune parameters such as contact hypersensitivity and delayed-type hypersensitivity (both type IV hypersensitivity reactions), mixed lymphocyte reactions, mixed skin lymphocyte reactions, antigen presentation and numbers and function of Langerhans cells have been studied intensively. The antigenicity of murine tumours which are caused by UVB radiation was one of the first items to be investigated (Kripke, 1974).

The Gerhard Zbinden Memorial Lecture.- Genetic Polymorphism of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes. Implications for Toxicity of Drugs and Other Xenobiotics.- Detection of Chemically-Induced Changes in p53 Expression.- Looking at p53: Theoretical Implications and Methodological Aspects.- Norman Aldridge Memorial Symposium: Toxicologists versus Toxicological Disasters: Toxic Oil Syndrome.- Toxicologists versus Toxicological Disasters: Toxic Oil Syndrome, Clinical Aspects.- Epidemiology of the Toxic Oil Syndrome.- Analytical Measurements of Products of Aniline and Triglycerides in Oil Samples Associated with the Toxic Oil Syndrome.- Immunological Aspects of the Toxic Oil Syndrome.- Altered Gene Expression and Immunotoxicity.- Regulation and Mechanisms of Apoptosis in T Lymphocytes.- Immunoregulatory Genes and Immunosuppression by Glucocorticoids.- Molecular Aspects of UVB-Induced Immunosuppression.- The Use of Ecotoxicology and Human Toxicology in the Regulation of Chemical Safety in the European Union.- Options for the Regulation and Control of the Environmental Impact and Human Health Consequences of Chemicals in the European Union.- The Identification of Thresholds of Acceptability and Danger: The Chemical Presence Route.- The Identification of Thresholds of Acceptability and Danger: The Biological Route.- The Precautionary Principle and Science-based Limits in Regulatory Toxicology: The Human Experience, Individual Protection.- The Environmental Experience: Ecosystem Protection.- Is Sustainable Development a Practical Possibility Given the Continued Use of Plant Protection Products? - The Scientific View -.- Regulations and Risk Assessments on the Ecotoxicological Impact from the Use of Plant Protection Products in the European Union - an Industry Viewpoint.- Challengesin Analytical Toxicology.- Analytical Development for Low Molecular Weight Xenobiotic Compounds.- Air Pollution and Allergy.- Pollution and the Development of Allergy: The East and West Germany Story.- Nasal Lavage Biomarkers in Air Pollution Epidemiology.- Prediction of Individual Susceptibility to Toxicants.- Physiological Factors Predisposing to Neurotoxicity.- Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Cutaneous Toxicity.- Epidermal Cytokines and the Induction of Allergic and Non-Allergic Contact Dermatitis.- Validation of In Vitro Methods to Single Out Photoirritants Using Mechanistically Based Tests.- Assessment of the Phototoxicity Risk of New Drugs.- Progress in Antidotic Therapy.- Evolution of Antidotal Therapy in Recent Decades.- A Critical Review of Antidotal Immunotherapy for low Molecular Wight Toxins. Current Antidotes and Perspectives.- The Use of Antidotes in the Management of Central Nervous System Depression.- Antidotes: Availability, Use and Cost in Hospital and Extra-Hospital Emergency Services of Catalonia (Spain).- The Relative Efficacy of Antidotes: The IPCS Evaluation Series.- In Vitro Cell Models for Investigating Molecular Mechanisms of Toxicity.- In Vitro Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Hepatotoxicity.- Protein Targets of Neurotoxicity.- Neuropathy Target Esterase (NTE): Molecular Characterisation and Cellular Localisation.- The Concept and Target of Promotion of Axonopathies.- Mechanisms and Models of Neurotoxicity of n-Hexane and Related Solvents.- Bovine Chromaffin Cells as in vitro Model for the Study of non-Cholinergic Toxic Effects of Organophosphorus Compounds.- Carcinogenesis Mechanisms in Transgenic Mouse Models.- Hepatic Tumor Induction in c-Myc mono-transgenic and TGF-?/c-Myc double- transgenic Mice.- Interactions of TCDDwith Signal Transduction and Neoplastic Development in c-myc Transgenic and TGF-alpha Transgenic Mice.- Lymphoma Induction by Heterocyclic Amines in Eµ-pim-1 Transgenic Mice.- Algal Toxins and Human Health.- Health Effects Associated With Algal Toxins From Seafood.- Cyanobacterial Toxins: Occurrence, Modes of Action, Health Effects and Exposure Routes.- The Young Scientist Poster Award.- Molecular Cloning of Neuropathy Target Esterase.

Erscheint lt. Verlag	16.9.2011
Reihe/Serie	Archives of Toxicology
Zusatzinfo	XII, 417 p. 2 illus. in color.
Verlagsort	Berlin
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Gewicht	650 g
Themenwelt	Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Pharmakologie / Pharmakotherapie
Themenwelt	Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pharmazie
Schlagworte	Apoptosis • ecotoxicology • enzymes • gene expression • Immunotoxicology • Immuntoxikologie • Mechanismen der Toxizität • mechanisms of toxicity • neurotoxicity • Ökotoxikologie • toxic oil syndrome • Toxisches Öl-Syndrom • Transgene Tiere • Transgenic animals
ISBN-10	3-642-64505-4 / 3642645054
ISBN-13	978-3-642-64505-1 / 9783642645051
Zustand	Neuware