The Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder in Health and Disease

Albertus D. Keet (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

XVII, 413 Seiten

2011 | 1. Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993
Springer Berlin (Verlag)
978-3-642-77710-3 (ISBN)

Artikel merken

There has long been disagreement about various aspects of the structure and function of the "gatekeeper" (Greek pyloros, from pyle = gate and ouros = guard). In recent years the problem has often been mentioned in anatomy, physiology, gastroenterology, radiology and even in nuclear medicine. For instance, while referring to manometric and gastric emptying studies, Schu urkes and van Nuenten (1984 ) pointed out that there was considerable contro versy as to whether a true pyloric sphincter existed in most species, and espe cially in man. According to Reeve (1981) many functional aspects of sphincters are poorly understood; the exact mechanism of control of the transfer of chyme from stomach to duodenum through the pylorus is still not clear. Malagelada (1983) states that controversy surrounds the motor activity and function of the antro duodenal junction; there is disagreement as to whether the pylorus functions as or as an integral part of the distal antrum. Ehrlein et al. (1984) a separate unit reiterate that pyloric motility is poorly understood, and according to Funch Jensen (1987) there are many unsolved questions. Malagelada (1990) states that the stomach performs multiple functions with a deceivingly simple anat omy; this is regarded as the key to the investigator's frustration when trying to uncover its secrets. One source of the many controversies surrounding the pylorus may be species differences, according to Schulze-Delrieu et al. (1984).

In focussing on the movement and the physiology of the pyloric region, this book uses the methods of anatomy, radiology, gastroscopy, manometry, myoelectric activity and ultrasonography of the pyloric region. The concept of a sphincteric cylinder is developed, and special emphasis is given to the pathology which affects the structure or function of the cylinder, e.g. pylorospasm, pyloric stenosis, gastric ulceration, vomiting, diabetes mellitus and carcinoma.

1 Introduction.- 2 Some Uncertain Concepts.- 3 The Walls of the Stomach and Duodenum.- 4 The Submucous Coat.- 5 The Mucous Membrane or Mucosa.- 6 Electrical Potential Difference at the Gastroduodenal Mucosal Junction.- 7 Arteries, Veins, Lymphatics.- 8 Nerves.- 9 Regulatory Peptides.- 10 Ultrasonography of Normal Anatomy.- 11 Anatomy of the Pyloric Ring.- 12 The Pylorus at Rest: Open or Closed?.- 13 Radiographic Examination of Normal Motility.- 14 The Pylorus at Gastroscopy.- 15 Manometry at the Gastroduodenal Junction.- 16 Myoelectric Activity at the Gastroduodenal Junction.- 17 Ultrasonography of Pyloric Motility and Gastric Emptying.- 18 Radionuclides in the Investigation of Gastric Emptying.- 19 Gastric Tone and the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.- 20 Pylorospasm.- 21 Congenital Anomalies.- 22 Partial or Intramural Gastric Diverticulum.- 23 Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis.- 24 Adult Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis.- 25 Focal Hypertrophy and Focal Spasm of the Pyloric Musculature in Adults.- 26 Nausea, Retching and Vomiting.- 27 Duodenogastric Reflux.- 28 Gastritis and Erosions in the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.- 29 Gastric Ulceration and the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.- 30 Duodenal Ulceration and the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.- 31 Pyloroduodenal Fistula or Acquired Double Pylorus.- 32 Hiatus Hernia and the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.- 33 Pyloric Carcinoma.- 34 Malignant Lymphoma.- 35 Malignancy at the Gastro-oesophageal Junction.- 36 Sessile Polyps in the Sphincteric Cylinder.- 37 Diabetes Mellitus.- 38 Prolapse of Gastric Mucosa into the Duodenum.- 39 Acid Corrosive Injuries and the Pyloric Sphincteric Cylinder.

Erscheint lt. Verlag	16.12.2011
Zusatzinfo	XVII, 413 p.
Verlagsort	Berlin
Sprache	englisch
Maße	155 x 235 mm
Gewicht	656 g
Themenwelt	Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Innere Medizin ► Gastroenterologie
Schlagworte	anatomy • Gastritis • hepatology • Magen • Magenausgang • Peptic Ulcer • pylorus • Sphincter • Stomach • Ulkus • ultrasonography
ISBN-10	3-642-77710-4 / 3642777104
ISBN-13	978-3-642-77710-3 / 9783642777103
Zustand	Neuware