Microsystems for Bioelectronics (eBook)

the Nanomorphic Cell

Ralph K. Cavin III, Victor V. Zhirnov (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2010 | 1. Auflage
204 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4377-7841-0 (ISBN)

Infos

Microsystems for Bioelectronics is the ultimate guide in the biomedical application industry. It provides a physics-based assessment of the limitless potential of miniaturization technologies. This book goes far beyond the complete design of the final systems. It also discusses the developments of computation and communication subsystems. The future of this technology lies in understanding the scaling limits for the individual systems. This includes all of its components and the fundamental energy source that powers all autonomous microsystems. Rapid advances in microfabrication technologies are offering new opportunities and capabilities to develop systems for biomedical applications. These applications include the diagnostics community and those that are active in therapy services. Microsystems for Bioelectronics is one of the only books on the market today that goes into the comprehensive treatment of integrated microsystems.

Victor Zhirnov is Chief Scientist at the Semiconductor Research Corporation. He is responsible for envisioning new long-term research directions in semiconductor information and communication technologies for industry and academia. His semiconductor experience spans over 30 years in the areas of materials, processes, device physics and fundamental limits. Victor served as the Chair for the Emerging Research Device (ERD) Working Group for the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) and for the 2030 Decadal Plan for Semiconductors. Currently, he is Chair of the Microelectronics and Advanced Packaging Technologies Roadmap. Victor received the M.S. in applied physics from the Ural Polytechnic Institute, Yekaterinburg, Russia, and the Ph.D. in solid state electronics and microelectronics from the Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, in 1989 and 1992, respectively.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Microsystems for Bioelectronics 4
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Preface 8
Acknowledgment 11
Chapter 1 The nanomorphic cell 12
1.1 Introduction 12
1.2 Electronic scaling 13
1.3 Nanomorphic cell 15
1.4 Current status of technologies for autonomous microsystems 20
1.5 Concluding remarks 22
References 23
Chapter 2 Energy in the small: Integrated micro-scale energy sources 26
2.1 Introduction 26
2.2 Electrochemical energy: Fundamentals of galvanic cells and supercapacitors 28
2.3 Energy from radioisotopes 39
2.4 Remarks on energy harvesting 44
2.5 Summary 54
Appendix: A kinetic model to assess the limits of heat removal 54
List of symbols 56
References 57
Chapter 3 Nanomorphic electronics 62
3.1 Introduction 63
3.2 Information and information processing 64
3.3 Basic physics of binary elements 66
3.4 System-level analysis 82
3.5 Summary 95
Appendix 1: Quantum confinement 96
Appendix 2: Derivation of electron travel time (Eq. 3.55) 98
List of symbols 99
References 100
Chapter 4 Sensors at the micro-scale 102
4.1 Introduction 102
4.2 Sensor basics 103
4.3 Analog signal 104
4.4 Fundamental sensitivity limit of sensors: Thermal noise 107
4.5 What information can be obtained from cells? 111
4.6 Sensors of bioelectricity 113
4.7 Chemical and biochemical sensors 116
4.8 Thermal biosensors 120
4.9 Concluding remarks 127
Glossary of biological terms 128
List of symbols 129
References 130
Chapter 5 Nanomorphic cell communication unit 134
5.1 Introduction 134
5.2 Electromagnetic radiation 135
5.3 Basic RF communication system 135
5.4 EM Transducer: A linear antenna 138
5.5 Free-space single-photon limit for energy in EM communication 142
5.6 Thermal noise limit on communication spectrum 145
5.7 The THz communication option (. = 100 µm) 147
5.8 Wireless communication for biomedical applications 150
5.9 Optical wavelength communication option .~1 µm) 151
5.10 Status of µ-scaled LEDs and PDs 157
5.11 Concluding remarks 158
List of symbols 159
References 161
Chapter 6 Micron-sized systems: In carbo vs. in silico 164
6.1 Introduction 165
6.2 Information: A quantitative treatment 165
6.3 Abstract information processors 174
6.4 In silico and in carbo systems: A design perspective 176
6.5 In carbo long-term memory: Storing information in DNA 180
6.6 In carbo logic information procession 180
6.7 In carbo sensors 183
6.8 In carbo communication 184
6.9 In carbo energy source 187
6.10 Benchmark in carbo information processor 188
6.11 Summary 191
Appendix: Choice of probability values to maximize the entropy function 192
List of symbols 193
References 194
Concluding remarks 198
Index 202

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 23.11.2010
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pflege
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Physiotherapie / Ergotherapie ► Orthopädie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 1-4377-7841-0 / 1437778410
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4377-7841-0 / 9781437778410