Nursing Diagnoses
Wiley-Blackwell (Verlag)
978-0-470-65482-8 (ISBN)
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A nursing diagnosis is defined as a clinical judgment about individual, family or community responses to actual or potential health problems or life processes which provide the basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability (NANDA-I, 2009). Accurate and valid nursing diagnoses guide the selection of interventions that are likely to produce the desired treatment effects and determine nurse-sensitive outcomes. Nursing diagnoses are seen as key to the future of evidence-based, professionally-led nursing care -- and to more effectively meeting the need of patients. In an era of increasing electronic patient health records, standardized nursing terminologies such as NANDA-I, NIC and NOC provide a means of collecting nursing data that are systematically analysed within and across healthcare organizations and provide essential data for cost/benefit analysis and clinical audit. Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classification is the definitive guide to nursing diagnoses, as reviewed and approved by NANDA-I.
Each nursing diagnosis undergoes a rigorous assessment process by NANDA-I's Diagnosis Development Committee, with stringent criteria used to indicate the strength of the underlying level of evidence. Each diagnosis comprises a label or name for the diagnosis, a definition, defining characteristics, risk factors and/or related factors. Many diagnoses are further qualified by terms such as risk for, effective, ineffective, impaired, imbalanced, self-care deficit, readiness for, disturbed, decreased, etc. The 2012-2014 edition is arranged by concept according to Taxonomy II domains, i.e. Health promotion, Nutrition, Elimination and exchange, Activity/Rest, Perception/Cognition, Self-perception, Role relationships, Sexuality, Coping/ Stress tolerance, Life principles, Safety/protection, Comfort, and Growth/development. The 2012-2014 edition contains revised chapters on NANDA-I taxonomy, and slotting of diagnoses into NANDA & NNN taxonomies, diagnostic reasoning & conceptual clarity, and submission of new/revised diagnoses.
New chapters are provided on the use of nursing diagnoses in education, clinical practice, electronic health records, nursing & health care administration, and research . A companion website hosts related resources. Key features 2012-2014 edition arranged by diagnostic concepts Core references and level of evidence for each diagnosis New chapters on appropriate use of nursing diagnoses in clinical practice, education, administration and electronic health record 16 new diagnoses 11 revised diagnoses Aimed at students, educators, clinicians, nurse administrators and informaticians Companion website available, including a video on assessment, clinical reasoning and diagnosis
NANDA International Guidelines for Copyright Permission xvii Preface xix Introduction xxii How to Use This Book xxii Frequently Asked Questions xxiii Acknowledgments xxv Chapter Authors xxv Chapter Reviewers xxv New Nursing Diagnoses, 2012--2014 xxvi Revised Nursing Diagnoses, 2012--2014 xxvii Retired Nursing Diagnosis, 2012--2014 xxviii Changes to Slotting of Current Diagnoses within the NANDA International Taxonomy II, 2012--2014 xxviii Changes to Slotting of Current Diagnoses within the NANDA-I/NIC/NOC Taxonomy xxx Revisions to Diagnoses within the NANDA International Taxonomy 2009--2011 xxx PART 1 THE NANDA INTERNATIONAL TAXONOMY 1 Introduction 3 T. Heather Herdman Contributors to the NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Taxonomy 3 Chapter 1 The NANDA International Taxonomy II 2012--2014 49 T. Heather Herdman, Gunn von Krogh History of the Development of Taxonomy II 49 Structure of Taxonomy II 50 A Multiaxial System for Constructing Diagnostic Concepts 53 Definitions of the Axes 55 Axis 1: The Diagnostic Focus 55 Axis 2: Subject of the Diagnosis 59 Axis 3: Judgment 59 Axis 4: Location 60 Axis 5: Age 61 Axis 6: Time 61 Axis 7: Status of the Diagnosis 61 Construction of a Nursing Diagnostic Concept 62 The NNN Taxonomy of Nursing Practice 63 Further Development of the NANDA-I Taxonomy 64 PART 2 EDUCATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF NANDA INTERNATIONAL NURSING DIAGNOSES WITHIN PRACTICE, ADMINISTRATION, RESEARCH, INFORMATICS AND EDUCATION 67 Chapter 2 Nursing Assessment, Clinical Judgment, and Nursing Diagnoses: How to Determine Accurate Diagnoses 71 Margaret Lunney Nurses Are Diagnosticians 72 Intellectual, Interpersonal, and Technical Competencies 73 Intellectual Competencies 73 Interpersonal Competencies 74 Technical Competencies 74 Personal Strengths: Tolerance for Ambiguity and Reflective Practice 75 Tolerance for Ambiguity 75 Reflective Practice 76 Assessment and Nursing Diagnosis 76 Assessment Framework 76 Diagnostic Reasoning Associated with Nursing Assessment 77 Recognizing the Existence of Cues 77 Mentally Generating Possible Diagnoses 77 Comparing Cues to Possible Diagnoses 78 Conducting a Focused Data Collection 78 Validating Diagnoses 79 Case Study Example 79 Analysis of Health Data: Nursing Diagnoses 81 Nursing Outcomes Classification 82 Nursing Interventions Classification 82 Appendix: Functional Health Pattern Assessment Framework 84 Directions 84 Health Perception--Health Management Pattern 85 Nutrition--Metabolic Pattern 85 Elimination Pattern 86 Activity--Exercise Pattern 86 Sleep--Rest Pattern 86 Cognitive--Perceptual Pattern 87 Self-Perception--Self-Concept Pattern 87 Role--Relationship Pattern 87 Sexuality--Reproductive Pattern 88 Coping--Stress Tolerance Pattern 88 Value--Belief Pattern 88 Analysis of Data, Nursing Diagnoses, Outcomes, and Interventions 89 Chapter 3 Nursing Diagnosis in Education 90 Barbara Krainovich-Miller, Fritz Frauenfelder, Maria Muller-Staub Significance for Nursing Education 90 Teaching the Nursing Process Framework 91 Teaching the Assessment Phase of the Nursing Process 91 Teaching Nursing Diagnoses as a Component of the Nursing Process 93 The Nursing Process. Exemplar -- Nursing History/Physical Assessment: Identifying Defining Characteristics and Related Factors 94 The Nursing Process. Exemplar -- Accuracy of the Nursing Diagnosis Label 95 Risk Diagnoses 96 Health-Promotion Diagnoses 96 Prioritizing Diagnoses 96 Linking Nursing Diagnoses to Outcomes and Interventions 97 Chapter 4 The Value of Nursing Diagnoses in Electronic Health Records 99 Jane M. Brokel, Kay C. Avant, Matthias Odenbreit Student Use of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) 99 Electronic Health Record 99 Longitudinal Use 100 Importance of Nursing Diagnoses in EHRs 100 Documenting Nursing Diagnoses in the EHR 101 Differences Between EHRs 102 Documenting Defi ning Characteristics, Related Factors, and Risk Factors in the EHR 103 Relationship of Nursing Diagnoses to Assessments 104 Linking Nursing Diagnoses to Other Documentation 104 An Organizing Framework for Nursing Assessments 105 Link Between Assessment and a Short List of Nursing Diagnoses 105 Link Between Nursing Diagnosis and Patient Outcome, Current State, and Mutual Goal for an Outcome 105 Link Between Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions in the Plan of Care 106 Nursing Informatics Specialist/Graduate Student -- Guiding Clinical Decision Support (CDS) within the EHR 106 Role of Nursing Informatics 107 Faculty Guide for Students in the Use of Nursing Diagnoses in the EHR 108 Documentation 109 Using the EHR 109 Guiding Student Learning 109 Learning the EHR, CDS and Health Information Exchange (HIE) 110 Assessment Framework 110 Knowledge Resources (Library) 110 Problem List 111 Interdisciplinary Care Planning 111 Clinical Decision Support 111 Health Information Exchange 111 Personal Health Records 111 Chapter 5 Nursing Diagnosis and Research 114 Margaret Lunney, Maria Muller-Staub Concept Analyses 114 Content Validation 114 Construct- and Criterion-Related Validity 116 Consensus Validation 116 Sensitivity, Specifi city, and Predictive Value of Clinical Indicators 117 Studies of Accuracy of Nurses' Diagnoses 117 Implementation Studies 117 Prevalence Studies 118 Summary 118 Chapter 6 Clinical Judgment and Nursing Diagnoses in Nursing Administration 122 T. Heather Herdman, Marcelo Chanes Nursing Research Priorities of Importance to Nurse Administrators 122 Nursing's Role in Patient Safety 123 Triple Model for Nursing Administrators 125 Conclusion 130 Chapter 7 Nursing Classifications: Criteria and Evaluation 133 Matthias Odenbreit, Maria Muller-Staub, Jane M. Brokel, Kay C. Avant, Gail Keenan Characteristics of Classifications 134 Classification Criteria 135 Discussion 136 Conclusion 141 PART 3 NANDA-I NURSING DIAGNOSES 2012--2014 145 International Considerations on the Use of the NANDA-I Taxonomy of Nursing Diagnoses 147 T. Heather Herdman Domain 1: Health Promotion 149 Class 1: Health Awareness 151 Deficient Diversional Activity (00097) 151 Sedentary Lifestyle (00168) 152 Class 2: Health Management 153 Deficient Community Health (00215) 153 Risk-Prone Health Behavior (00188) 155 Ineffective Health Maintenance (00099) 157 Readiness for Enhanced Immunization Status (00186) 158 Ineffective Protection (00043) 160 Ineffective Self-Health Management (00078) 161 Readiness for Enhanced Self-Health Management (00162) 164 Ineffective Family Therapeutic Regimen Management (00080) 167 Domain 2: Nutrition 169 Class 1: Ingestion 171 Insufficient Breast Milk (00216) 171 Ineffective Infant Feeding Pattern (00107) 173 Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements (00002) 174 Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements (00001) 175 Readiness for Enhanced Nutrition (00163) 176 Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements (00003) 177 Impaired Swallowing (00103) 178 Class 2: Digestion Class 3: Absorption Class 4: Metabolism 180 Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level (00179) 180 Neonatal Jaundice (00194) 181 Risk for Neonatal Jaundice (00230) 182 Risk for Impaired Liver Function (00178) 183 Class 5: Hydration 184 Risk for Electrolyte Imbalance (00195) 184 Readiness for Enhanced Fluid Balance (00160) 185 Deficient Fluid Volume (00027) 186 Excess Fluid Volume (00026) 187 Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume (00028) 188 Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume (00025) 189 Domain 3: Elimination and Exchange 191 Class 1: Urinary Function 193 Functional Urinary Incontinence (00020) 193 Overflow Urinary Incontinence (00176) 194 Reflex Urinary Incontinence (00018) 195 Stress Urinary Incontinence (00017) 196 Urge Urinary Incontinence (00019) 198 Risk for Urge Urinary Incontinence (00022) 199 Impaired Urinary Elimination (00016) 200 Readiness for Enhanced Urinary Elimination (00166) 201 Urinary Retention (00023) 202 Class 2: Gastrointestinal Function 203 Constipation (00011) 203 Perceived Constipation (00012) 205 Risk for Constipation (00015) 206 Diarrhea (00013) 208 Dysfunctional Gastrointestinal Motility (00196) 209 Risk For Dysfunctional Gastrointestinal Motility (00197) 211 Bowel Incontinence (00014) 213 Class 3: Integumentary Function Class 4: Respiratory Function 214 Impaired Gas Exchange (00030) 214 Domain 4: Activity/Rest 215 Class 1: Sleep/Rest 217 Insomnia (00095) 217 Sleep Deprivation (00096) 219 Readiness for Enhanced Sleep (00165) 220 Disturbed Sleep Pattern (00198) 221 Class 2: Activity/Exercise 222 Risk for Disuse Syndrome (00040) 222 Impaired Bed Mobility (00091) 223 Impaired Physical Mobility (00085) 224 Impaired Wheelchair Mobility (00089) 225 Impaired Transfer Ability (00090) 226 Impaired Walking (00088) 227 Class 3: Energy Balance 228 Disturbed Energy Field (00050) 228 Fatigue (00093) 229 Wandering (00154) 230 Class 4: Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Responses 231 Activity Intolerance (00092) 231 Risk for Activity Intolerance (00094) 232 Ineffective Breathing Pattern (00032) 233 Decreased Cardiac Output (00029) 235 Risk for Ineffective Gastrointestinal Perfusion (00202) 237 Risk for Ineffective Renal Perfusion (00203) 238 Impaired Spontaneous Ventilation (00033) 239 Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion (00204) 240 Risk for Decreased Cardiac Tissue Perfusion (00200) 242 Risk for Ineffective Cerebral Tissue Perfusion (00201) 243 Risk for Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion (00228) 244 Dysfunctional Ventilatory Weaning Response (00034) 246 Class 5: Self-Care 248 Impaired Home Maintenance (00098) 248 Readiness for Enhanced Self-Care (00182) 249 Bathing Self-Care Deficit (00108) 250 Dressing Self-Care Deficit (00109) 251 Feeding Self-Care Deficit (00102) 252 Toileting Self-Care Deficit (00110) 253 Self-Neglect (00193) 254 Domain 5: Perception/Cognition 257 Class 1: Attention 259 Unilateral Neglect (00123) 259 Class 2: Orientation 261 Impaired Environmental Interpretation Syndrome (00127) 261 Class 3: Sensation/Perception Class 4: Cognition 262 Acute Confusion (00128) 262 Chronic Confusion (00129) 265 Risk for Acute Confusion (00173) 266 Ineffective Impulse Control (00222) 269 Deficient Knowledge (00126) 271 Readiness for Enhanced Knowledge (00161) 272 Impaired Memory (00131) 273 Class 5: Communication 274 Readiness for Enhanced Communication (00157) 274 Impaired Verbal Communication (00051) 275 Domain 6: Self-Perception 277 Class 1: Self-Concept 279 Hopelessness (00124) 279 Risk for Compromised Human Dignity (00174) 280 Risk for Loneliness (00054) 281 Disturbed Personal Identity (00121) 282 Risk for Disturbed Personal Identity (00225) 283 Readiness for Enhanced Self-Concept (00167) 284 Class 2: Self-Esteem 285 Chronic Low Self-Esteem (00119) 285 Situational Low Self-Esteem (00120) 287 Risk for Chronic Low Self-Esteem (00224) 288 Risk for Situational Low Self-Esteem (00153) 290 Class 3: Body Image 291 Disturbed Body Image (00118) 291 Domain 7: Role Relationships 293 Class 1: Caregiving Roles 295 Ineffective Breastfeeding (00104) 295 Interrupted Breastfeeding (00105) 296 Readiness for Enhanced Breastfeeding (00106) 297 Caregiver Role Strain (00061) 298 Risk for Caregiver Role Strain (00062) 301 Impaired Parenting (00056) 302 Readiness for Enhanced Parenting (00164) 304 Risk for Impaired Parenting (00057) 305 Class 2: Family Relationships 307 Risk for Impaired Attachment (00058) 307 Dysfunctional Family Processes (00063) 308 Interrupted Family Processes (00060) 311 Readiness for Enhanced Family Processes (00159) 312 Class 3: Role Performance 313 Ineffective Relationship (00223) 313 Readiness for Enhanced Relationship (00207) 315 Risk for Ineffective Relationship (00229) 316 Parental Role Confl ict (00064) 317 Ineffective Role Performance (00055) 318 Impaired Social Interaction (00052) 320 Domain 8: Sexuality 321 Class 1: Sexual Identity Class 2: Sexual Function 323 Sexual Dysfunction (00059) 323 Ineffective Sexuality Pattern (00065) 325 Class 3: Reproduction 326 Ineffective Childbearing Process (00221) 326 Readiness for Enhanced Childbearing Process (00208) 328 Risk for Ineffective Childbearing Process (00227) 330 Risk for Disturbed Maternal--Fetal Dyad (00209) 331 Domain 9: Coping/Stress Tolerance 333 Class 1: Post-Trauma Responses 335 Post-Trauma Syndrome (00141) 335 Risk for Post-Trauma Syndrome (00145) 336 Rape-Trauma Syndrome (00142) 337 Relocation Stress Syndrome (00114) 338 Risk for Relocation Stress Syndrome (00149) 339 Class 2: Coping Responses 340 Ineffective Activity Planning (00199) 340 Risk for Ineffective Activity Planning (00226) 342 Anxiety (00146) 344 Defensive Coping (00071) 346 Ineffective Coping (00069) 348 Readiness for Enhanced Coping (00158) 349 Ineffective Community Coping (00077) 350 Readiness for Enhanced Community Coping (00076) 351 Compromised Family Coping (00074) 352 Disabled Family Coping (00073) 354 Readiness for Enhanced Family Coping (00075) 355 Death Anxiety (00147) 356 Ineffective Denial (00072) 358 Adult Failure to Thrive (00101) 360 Fear (00148) 361 Grieving (00136) 363 Complicated Grieving (00135) 365 Risk for Complicated Grieving (00172) 367 Readiness for Enhanced Power (00187) 368 Powerlessness (00125) 370 Risk for Powerlessness (00152) 372 Impaired Individual Resilience (00210) 374 Readiness for Enhanced Resilience (00212) 376 Risk for Compromised Resilience (00211) 378 Chronic Sorrow (00137) 379 Stress Overload (00177) 380 Class 3: Neurobehavioral Stress 383 Autonomic Dysreflexia (00009) 383 Risk for Autonomic Dysreflexia (00010) 384 Disorganized Infant Behavior (00116) 386 Readiness for Enhanced Organized Infant Behavior (00117) 388 Risk for Disorganized Infant Behavior (00115) 389 Decreased Intracranial Adaptive Capacity (00049) 390 Domain 10: Life Principles 391 Class 1: Values 393 Readiness for Enhanced Hope (00185) 393 Class 2: Beliefs 394 Readiness for Enhanced Spiritual Well-Being (00068) 394 Class 3: Value/Belief/Action Congruence 395 Readiness for Enhanced Decision-Making (00184) 395 Decisional Conflict (00083) 396 Moral Distress (00175) 398 Noncompliance (00079) 400 Impaired Religiosity (00169) 402 Readiness for Enhanced Religiosity (00171) 405 Risk for Impaired Religiosity (00170) 407 Spiritual Distress (00066) 410 Risk for Spiritual Distress (00067) 412 Domain 11: Safety/Protection 415 Class 1: Infection 417 Risk for Infection (00004) 417 Class 2: Physical Injury 421 Ineffective Airway Clearance (00031) 421 Risk for Aspiration (00039) 422 Risk for Bleeding (00206) 423 Impaired Dentition (00048) 425 Risk for Dry Eye (00219) 426 Risk for Falls (00155) 428 Risk for Injury (00035) 430 Impaired Oral Mucous Membrane (00045) 431 Risk for Perioperative Positioning Injury (00087) 433 Risk for Peripheral Neurovascular Dysfunction (00086) 434 Risk for Shock (00205) 435 Impaired Skin Integrity (00046) 436 Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity (00047) 437 Risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (00156) 438 Risk for Suffocation (00036) 439 Delayed Surgical Recovery (00100) 440 Risk for Thermal Injury (00220) 442 Impaired Tissue Integrity (00044) 443 Risk for Trauma (00038) 444 Risk for Vascular Trauma (00213) 446 Class 3: Violence 447 Risk for Other-Directed Violence (00138) 447 Risk for Self-Directed Violence (00140) 448 Self-Mutilation (00151) 449 Risk for Self-Mutilation (00139) 451 Risk for Suicide (00150) 452 Class 4: Environmental Hazards 454 Contamination (00181) 454 Risk for Contamination (00180) 458 Risk for Poisoning (00037) 460 Class 5: Defensive Processes 461 Risk for Adverse Reaction to Iodinated Contrast Media (000218) 461 Latex Allergy Response (00041) 463 Risk for Allergy Response (00217) 465 Risk for Latex Allergy Response (00042) 466 Class 6: Thermoregulation 467 Risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature (00005) 467 Hyperthermia (00007) 468 Hypothermia (00006) 469 Ineffective Thermoregulation (00008) 470 Domain 12: Comfort 471 Class 1: Physical Comfort 473 Class 2: Environmental Comfort 473 Class 3: Social Comfort 473 Impaired Comfort (00214) 473 Readiness for Enhanced Comfort (00183) 475 Nausea (00134) 476 Acute Pain (00132) 478 Chronic Pain (00133) 479 Social Isolation (00053) 480 Domain 13: Growth/Development 481 Class 1: Growth 483 Risk for Disproportionate Growth (00113) 483 Class 2: Development 484 Delayed Growth and Development (00111) 484 Risk for Delayed Development (00112) 485 Nursing Diagnoses Retired from the NANDA-I Taxonomy 2009--2014 487 Health-seeking Behaviors (00084) -- Retired 2009--2011 489 Disturbed Sensory Perception (Specify: Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic, Gustatory, Tactile, Olfactory) (00122) -- Retired 2012--2014 490 PART 4 NANDA INTERNATIONAL 2012--2014 493 NANDA International Think Tank Meeting 495 Issues related to the DDC 495 Globalization of the Taxonomy 496 Issues for Future Discussion and Research 497 NANDA International Position Statements 498 NANDA-I Position Statement 1: The Use of Taxonomy II as an Assessment Framework 498 NANDA-I Position Statement 2: The Structure of the Nursing Diagnosis Statement when Included in a Care Plan 498 Chapter 8 The Process for Development of an Approved NANDA International Nursing Diagnosis 499 Leann M. Scroggins Axis 1: The Diagnostic Focus 499 Axis 2: Subject of the Diagnosis 500 Axis 3: Judgment 500 Axis 4: Location 500 Axis 5: Age 501 Axis 6: Time 501 Axis 7: Status of the Diagnosis 501 Label and Definition 503 Defining Characteristics versus Risk Factors 503 Taxonomy Rules 504 Related Factors 505 Identify Related Factors 505 NANDA International Processes and Procedures 508 Full Review Process 508 Expedited Review Process 509 Submission Process for New Diagnoses 509 Submission Process for Revising a Current Nursing Diagnosis 511 Procedure to Appeal a DDC Decision on Diagnosis Review 512 NANDA-I Diagnosis Submission: Level of Evidence Criteria 513 1. Received for Development (Consultation from DDC) 513 1.1 Label Only 513 1.2 Label and Defi nition 513 2. Accepted for Publication and Inclusion in the NANDA-I Taxonomy 513 2.1 Label, Definition, Defining Characteristics or Risk Factors, Related Factors, and References 513 2.2 Concept Analysis 513 2.3 Consensus Studies Related to Diagnosis Using Experts 513 3. Clinically Supported (Validation and Testing) 514 3.1 Literature Synthesis 514 3.2 Clinical Studies Related to Diagnosis, but Not Generalizable to the Population 514 3.3 Well-designed Clinical Studies with Small Sample Sizes 514 3.4 Well-designed Clinical Studies with Random Sample of Suffi cient Size to Allow for Generalizability to the Overall Population 514 Glossary of Terms 515 Nursing Diagnosis 515 Actual Nursing Diagnosis 515 Health-promotion Nursing Diagnosis 515 Risk Nursing Diagnosis 515 Syndrome 515 Wellness Nursing Diagnosis 516 Components of a Nursing Diagnosis 516 Diagnosis Label 516 Definition 516 Defining Characteristics 516 Risk Factors 516 Related Factors 516 Definitions for Classification of Nursing Diagnoses 517 Classification 517 Level of Abstraction 517 Nomenclature 517 Taxonomy 517 NANDA International 2010--2012 518 NANDA International Board of Directors 518 NANDA International Diagnosis Development Committee 518 NANDA International Education & Research Committee 518 NANDA International Informatics Committee 519 NANDA International Taxonomy Committee 519 An Invitation to Join NANDA International 520 NANDA International: A Member-driven Organization 520 Our Vision 520 Our Mission 520 Our Purpose 520 Our History 520 NANDA International's Commitment 521 Involvement Opportunities 522 Why Join NANDA-I? 522 Professional Networking 522 Resources 522 Member Benefi ts 522 How to Join 523 Who is Using the NANDA International Taxonomy? 523 Index 525 Visit the supporting companion website for this book: www.wiley.com/go/ nursingdiagnoses
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 22.11.2011 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | Hoboken |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 170 x 243 mm |
| Gewicht | 960 g |
| Einbandart | Paperback |
| Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pflege |
| Studium ► 2. Studienabschnitt (Klinik) ► Anamnese / Körperliche Untersuchung | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-470-65482-1 / 0470654821 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-470-65482-8 / 9780470654828 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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