Modelling the Human Body Exposure to ELF Electric Fields

C. Peratta, A. Peratta (Autoren)

Buch | Hardcover

160 Seiten

2009
WIT Press (Verlag)
978-1-84564-418-5 (ISBN)

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The objective of this book is to describe techniques to investigate the behaviour of electric fields and induced currents in the human body exposed to different scenarios of extremely low frequency (ELF) high voltage-low current electromagnetic fields by means of numerical modelling with improved Boundary Element Methods (BEM). A novel improved BEM approach is introduced in order to solve this type of problem, leading to more accurate results and more efficient calculations. The mathematical formulation for the case of human exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields departing from Maxwell equations and for the electrical properties of biological tissue is provided. Also, a variety of three dimensional anatomically shaped human body models under different exposure conditions are presented and solved. This developed methodology is applied to three different case studies: (i) overhead power transmission lines, (ii) power substation rooms, and (iii) pregnant woman including foetus and evolving scenarios. In all cases, a sensitivity analysis investigating the influence of varying geometrical and electrical properties of the tissues has been conducted.The results obtained from this research allow us to identify situations of high and low exposure in the different parts of the body and to compare with existing exposure guidelines.

Cristina PERATTA her MSc in Physics in 1996 from the University of Buenos Aires (Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences), Argentina and her PhD in 2008 from the Wessex Institute of Technology- University of Wales, UK. Her background is in Numerical Modelling applied to Electromagnetic problems. She developed her thesis at the Plasma Physics Institute, (INFIP), University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Argentina, in numerical modeling applied to Nuclear Fusion in Z-pinch experiments. In December 2007 Cristina was employed by BEASY, where she has been applying her knowledge and the BEASY software to specific customer consultancy and development projects, primarily in the field of corrosion simulation. Cristina has been author or co-author of more than 15 specialized publications in international peer-reviewed journals and transactions. Her research interests are oriented to numerical modeling of electromagnetic fields, boundary and finite element methods, corrosion, cathodic protection systems and electrochemical processes, as well as electromagnetic modeling in biological tissues. Andres PERATTA received his MSc in Physics in 2001 from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and his PhD in 2004 from the Wessex Institute of Technology (WIT) - University of Wales, UK. During 2005 he was a Postdoctoral Fellow and Lecturer at the Wessex Institute of Technology, Southampton, UK, and became a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Communications, Software and Systems (JCOMSS) sponsored by the IEEE and SoftCom Society. In 2006 he became Head of the ICE Division at Wessex Institute of Technology and ISAC member of the WIT International Conferences on Environmental Electromagnetic Compatibility, Simulation of Electrochemical Processes, and Computational Ballistics. Andres has been author or co-author of more than 40 specialized publications in international peer-reviewed journals and transactions. His research interests are Numerical Modelling including Boundary and Finite Element methods for Electromagnetic Fields, Fluid Dynamics and Continuum Mechanics. He has participated in several internationally funded research projects involving modelling of fluid flow in porous media, corrosion, cathodic protection systems and electrochemical processes, as well as electromagnetic modelling in biological tissues.

Chapter 1: Introduction Extremely low frequency exposure; Computational dosimetry at ELF Chapter 2: ELF Electromagnetic exposure Introduction; EM exposure. Basic concepts; Theoretical model for ELF; Different sources of exposure at ELF; Summary Chapter 3: Dielectric properties of biological tissues Introduction; Modelling biological systems; Available data on dielectric properties; Theoretical aspects. Biological matter in electric field; General dielectric properties of some tissues; Biological tissue at ELF; Summary Chapter 4: Numerical method Introduction; Integral formulation; Boundary discretisation; Internal solution; Continuous and discontinuous boundary element method; Staggered boundary element; Analytical approach for the integrals; Accuracy tests; Summary Chapter 5: Exposure to overhead power lines Introduction; Physical model; Human body modelling; Numerical implementation. Extreme and minimal domain decomposition; Global results; Analysis of the refinement of geometry; Analysis of variations on conductivity; Summary Chapter 6: Exposure in power substations rooms Introduction; Induced currents in the human body inside a power substation room; Induced currents in the human body resulting from the proximity to surfaces at fixed potentials; Summary Chapter 7: Pregnant woman Introduction; Physical model; BEM for vertically incident field in open environments; Numerical implementation; Results and discussion; Summary Chapter 8: Conclusions Concluding remarks

Erscheint lt. Verlag	30.9.2009
Zusatzinfo	Illustrations
Verlagsort	Southampton
Sprache	englisch
Maße	165 x 242 mm
Themenwelt	Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie
Themenwelt	Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik
ISBN-10	1-84564-418-2 / 1845644182
ISBN-13	978-1-84564-418-5 / 9781845644185
Zustand	Neuware