On the Construction of Engineering Handbooks (eBook)

with an Illustration from the Railway Safety Domain

Stefan Gruner, Apurva Kumar, Tom Maibaum, Markus Roggenbach (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2020 | 1st ed. 2020
XII, 83 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-44648-2 (ISBN)

Infos

This book focuses on the clarification of what actually a handbook is, the systematic identification of what ought to be considered as 'settled knowledge' (extracted from historic repositories) for inclusion into such a handbook, and the 'assembly' of such identified knowledge into a form which is fit for the purpose and conforms to the formal characteristics of handbooks as a 'literary genre'. For many newly emerging domains or disciplines, for which no handbook with normative authority has yet been defined, the question arises of how to do this systematically and in a non-arbitrary manner.

This book is the first to reflect upon the question of how to construct a desktop handbook. It is demonstrated how concept analysis can be used for identifying settled knowledge as the key ingredient by utilizing the assembled data for classification; a presentation scheme for handbook articles is developed and demonstrated to be suitable. The sketched approach is then illustrated by an example from the railway safety domain.  Finally, the limitations of the presented methods are discussed.

The key contribution of this book is the (example illustrated) construction method itself, not the handbook, which would result from a highly detailed and thoroughly comprehensive application of the method.   

Stefan Gruner is an Associate Professor of Computer Science at the University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa. Together with Tom Maibaum, he co-supervised Apurva Kumar during her Master's project, on the results of which some parts of this book are based. He has also collaborated with Markus Roggenbach for many years, particularly on questions concerning the formal semantics of CSP. At the University of Pretoria, Stefan Gruner lectures mostly theory based courses such as compiler construction or formal methods. With his additional qualification in philosophy, he is also active in interdisciplinary fields such as philosophy of science, philosophy of technology, and philosophy of informatics (meta informatics).

Apurva Kumar completed her Masters in Applied Science from McMaster University in 2015 under the supervision of Stefan Gruner and Tom Maibaum. Many of the findings in her Master's thesis are incorporated in this book. Apurva Kumar is currently a security researcher on the Threat Intelligence team at Lookout Inc. She spends most of her time uncovering and tracking threats as they emerge in and around the mobile space. Her main focus is on exposing and defending against nation state surveillance campaigns. Apurva's current work incorporates threat hunting, reverse engineering and penetration testing.
Tom Maibaum is an Emeritus Professor of the Foundations of Software Engineering in the Department of Computing and Software, McMaster University, Canada. He now lives in The United Kingdom. Previously, he held similarly named Chairs at King's College London and Imperial College London. Throughout his career, his research has focused on the logical and categorical bases of software engineering and on the applications of these topics to software engineering methods. He has studied the philosophical and epistemological bases of engineering and, in particular, software engineering. Over the past 15 years he has worked with Mark Lawford and Alan Wassyng at McMaster University in the context of the McMaster Centre for Software Certification, developing new logical and epistemological foundations of safety reasoning.

Markus Roggenbach is a Professor of Computer Science at Swansea University, The United Kingdom. His research foci are formal methods for safety and for cyber security, their semantics, how to utilise them throughout the software life cycle, how to support them with tools, and their application in industrial contexts. For more than a decade, he has been collaborating with Siemens Rail Automation (formerly Invensys Rail) to answer questions concerning safety with regard to railway signalling systems. He leads the Swansea Railway Verification Group, the European Technical Working Group on Formal Methods in Railway Control, and chairs the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) Working Group 1.3 'Foundations of System Specification'. 

Inhalt

Foreword 6
Preface 8
Acknowledgements 10
Contents 11
Part I Background 13
Chapter 1: Introduction and Motivation 14
1.1 What constitutes a HB? 16
1.2 Settled Knowledge 19
1.3 Formal Methods in Design and Validation of Railway Control Systems 20
1.4 Structure of the Remainder of this Book 21
Chapter 2: Related Work 23
2.1 Organisation of Engineering Knowledge 23
2.2 Other Approaches to HB Construction 25
2.3 Other Classifications of Formal Methods 27
2.4 Comparison with our Approach 29
Part II Analysis 31
Chapter 3: A General Method for Composing an Engineering HB 32
3.1 Step 1: Choice of Sources for Settled Knowledge 36
3.2 Step 2: Data Collection and Choice of Domain 39
3.3 Step 3: Application of FCA to the Data Collected 41
3.4 Step 4: Choice of a Stability Threshold 44
3.5 Step 5: Classification of Settled Knowledge 46
3.6 Step 6: Presentation of Settled Knowledge 48
Chapter 4: Application of the General Method to the Railway Domain 50
4.1 Step 1: Choice of Sources for the Railway Domain 51
4.2 Step 2: Data Collection and Choice of Domain Specific Attributes for FCA 51
4.3 Step 3: Application of FCA to the Data Collected 52
4.4 Step 4: Choice of a Stability Threshold 54
4.5 Step 5: Interpretation and Discussion of the Detected Settled Knowledge 56
4.5.1 Observations (and Peculiarities) 56
4.5.2 Settledness 58
4.5.3 Limitations of our Findings 58
4.5.4 Guidance for a Handbook on FMs for the Railway Domain 59
4.6 Possible Threats to Validity: Critical Evaluation of Steps 1–5 in the Context of our Railway Example 59
4.6.1 Notion of ‘Settledness’ 60
4.6.2 Choice of Database 60
4.6.3 Choice of Formal Concept Analysis 61
4.6.4 Choice of Attributes for FCA 61
4.6.5 Choice of Stability Threshold 61
4.6.6 Classification of Settled Knowledge 62
Part III Synthesis 63
Chapter 5: Example HB Entry of a Formal Method for the Railway Domain — Step 6 64
5.1 Problem Class: Verification through Model Checking of Ladder Logic Programs for Safety 65
5.2 Solution 66
5.3 Academic Explanation 76
5.3.1 A Short Bibliography 76
5.3.2 Solid State Interlockings 76
5.3.3 Explanation for (Step 1): Tseitin Transformation 78
5.3.4 Explanation for (Step 2): Discrete Time, Temporal First Order Logics 79
5.3.5 Explanation of Step (3): Verification Problem associated with Ladder Logic 80
5.4 Experience Reports Concerning Step 6 81
Chapter 6: Conclusions and Prospects for Future Work 83
References 85

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 13.4.2020
• Reihe/Serie: SpringerBriefs in Computer Science
• Reihe/Serie: SpringerBriefs in Computer Science
• Zusatzinfo: XII, 83 p. 13 illus., 6 illus. in color.
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Bauwesen
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Wirtschaftsinformatik
• Schlagworte: Handbook construction • railway systems • software documentation • software maintenance • Software post-development issues • systems planning
• ISBN-10: 3-030-44648-4 / 3030446484
• ISBN-13: 978-3-030-44648-2 / 9783030446482