OpenBSD Version 5.7

Die offizielle CD-Ausgabe

OpenBSD.org, Theo de Raadt (Herausgeber)

CD/DVD (Software)

2015 | 9. Auflage
OpenBSD.org (Hersteller)
978-0-9881561-5-9 (ISBN)

Infos

3 CDROMs.
The complete install components for 4 architectures:
i386, amd64, macppc, sparc64.

Several pre-built binary packages for the most common architectures, which are very easy to install directly off the CDROM.

OpenBSD 5.7 now offers better hardware-support, e.g. for HTTP-Server and USB 3.0 as well as various software updates.
Complete changelog: http://www.openbsd.org/57.html

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OpenBSD 5.7 ist ein vollständiges BSD-basiertes Betriebssystem (BSD=Berkeley Software Distribution, historisches Unix) und wird allgemein als sehr sicher eingeschätzt dank proaktiven Security-Features und integrierter Kryptographie.

This is a partial list of new features and systems included in OpenBSD 5.7. For a comprehensive list, see the changelog leading to 5.7.

Improved hardware support, including:

• New xhci(4) driver for USB 3.0 host controllers.
• New umcs(4) driver for MosChip Semiconductor 78x0 USB multiport serial adapters.
• New skgpio(4) driver for Soekris net6501 GPIO and LEDs.
• New uslhcom(4) driver for Silicon Labs CP2110 USB HID based UART.
• New nep(4) driver for Sun Neptune 10Gb Ethernet devices.
• New iwm(4) driver for Intel 7260, 7265, and 3160 wifi cards.
• The rtsx(4) driver now supports RTS5227 and RTL8411B card readers.
• The bge(4) driver now supports jumbo frames on various additional BCM57xx chipsets.
• The ciss(4) driver now supports HP Gen9 Smart Array/Smart HBA devices.
• The mpi(4) and mfi(4) drivers now have mpsafe interrupt handlers running without the big lock.
• The ppb(4) driver now supports PCI bridges that support subtractive decoding (fixes PCMCIA behind the ATI SB400 PCI bridge), and devices with 64-bit BARs behind PCI-PCI bridges as seen on SPARC T5-2 systems.
• The puc(4) driver now supports Winchiphead CH382 devices.
• The sdmmc(4) driver now supports eMMC storage devices larger than 2GB.
• The sdhc(4) driver can properly resume on Ricoh controllers.
• The sdhc(4) driver now supports Ricoh R5U822 and R5U823 card readers.
• The mfii(4) driver now supports the Megaraid 3008 (Fury) and 3108 (Invader) cards.
• The myx(4) driver runs less code under the big lock.
• The msk(4) driver now supports Yukon Prime, Yukon Optima 2, Yukon 88E8079, and various EC U and Supreme chipsets.
• The umass(4) driver now supports Archos 24y Vision devices.
• The athn(4) driver now supports Atheros UB94 devices.
• The azalia(4) driver now supports Realtek ALC885 codecs and Bay Trail HD Audio devices.
• The ix(4) driver now supports onboard Ethernet devices in SPARC T5 machines.
• The upd(4) driver now handles UPSes with broken report descriptors.
• The ums(4) driver now supports the USB Tablet device emulated by Qemu.
• The umsm(4) driver now supports MEDION S4222 devices.
• The pciide(4) driver now supports Intel C610 chipsets.
• The ukbd(4) driver now supports "wellspring" Apple keyboards.
• The pms(4) driver now supports click-and-drag with Elantech v4 touchpads.
• The umodem(4) driver now supports Arduino Leonardo devices.
• The sk(4) driver now supports receive ring scaling.
• Replaced custom jumbo allocators in sk(4), nge(4), lge(4), and ti(4) with MCLGETI(9).
• Wireless network scanning problems with the iwn(4) driver have been fixed.
• Support for RS* IGP Radeon devices in the radeondrm(4) driver has been fixed.
• PowerMac7,2 and PowerMac7,3 can now boot with a multiprocessor kernel.

Removed hardware support:

• The lofn(4) and nofn(4) drivers for Hifn crypto accelerator devices have been removed.
• The art(4) driver for Accoom Networks Artery T1/E1 devices has been removed.
• The urio(4) driver for Diamond Multimedia Rio MP3 players has been removed.

Generic network stack improvements:

• The routing table is now used for most of the address lookup operations superseding the RB-tree and IPv4 address list.
• The SipHash algorithm is now used for PCB hashing, trunk(4) loadbalancing, pf(4) and bridge(4).
• Traffic destinated to link-local IPv6 addresses can now be seen with tcpdump(8).
• A carp(4) now needs to be configured with an explicit carpdev parent interface.
• The mbuf(9) layer has been made mpsafe.
• Introduce mbuf_list and mbuf_queue structures and APIs.
• Support changing the IPv6 input queue length via sysctl(1) and net.inet6.ip6.ifq.

Installer improvements:

• The etc and xetc sets are now part of base and xbase and are not distributed separately anymore. They are extracted from base and xbase during installation and upgrades.
• Note that this includes the rc and rc.conf files!
• The installer now supports trunk(4) interfaces during upgrades.
• The discovery of the responsefile location for unattended installation and upgrades has been extended to be more flexible.
• Ask for the location if DHCP discovery fails for location or mode.
• Provide a default URL if the 'next-server' DHCP option is found.
• Use /auto_install.conf or /auto_upgrade.conf if present.
• Automatically start the installer in unattended mode if either one of these files is present when the system boots.
• Ignore hostname.if.* files when upgrading.
• Configure all physical interfaces before any dynamic interface types (e.g. trunks, vlans) when upgrading.
• fdisk(8) now zeros out GPT signatures found when writing out an MBR that has been re-initialized and has no EFI or EFISYS partition.
• Fixed manipulation of 'ro' and 'rw' fstab options to avoid damage to other options that happen to contain 'ro' or 'rw'.
• The ramdisk binary (one binary contains all the commands) is now compiled without optimization and security features. The benefit is a substantial saving in space, allowing more features in the future.

Routing daemons and other userland network improvements:

• nginx has been removed from base -- use the package if you need it.
• sliplogin has been removed.
• Sendmail has been removed from base -- use the package if you need it.
• IPv6 router solicitations are now sent by the kernel ("inet6 autoconf"); rtsol(8) and rtsold(8) are no longer necessary and have been removed.
• Enhancements and bugfixes in arp(8) and ndp(8)
• The effects of the AI_ADDRCONFIG flag on getaddrinfo(3) results are limited to DNS queries. This avoids erratic behavior with transient network problems, "raw" addresses and localhost entries in /etc/hosts.
• gethostbyname(3) now no longer fails when more than 16 addresses/aliases are returned. The original pre-asr limit of 35 has been restored, with additional results being truncated.
• tftp(1) now supports sending or receiving files larger than 65536 blocks in size.

Security improvements:

• Stricter enforcement of W^X in the kernel address space, especially on architectures with the right featureset (amd64, in particular, has seen substantial improvements).
• Support for loadable kernel modules has been removed.
• procfs has been removed.
• Comprehensive audit of the tree to use the reallocarray(3) idiom throughout.
• Many conversions from select(2) to poll(2).
• /var/tmp is now a symbolic link to /tmp, as a first step towards reducing the "fill it up" attack surface against the /var partition.
• memcpy(3) with overlapping arguments now aborts a program (with a syslog report), allowing these problems to be found. Overlapping copies should use memmove(3). Sometime after 5.7 release, having learned more about the situation and repairing instances that are discovered by users during release use, we will go back to the optimized version.
• Change rand(3), random(3), drand48(3), lrand48(3), mrand48(3), srand48(3) to return non-deterministic strong random values by default, sourced from arc4random(3). New functions srand_deterministic(3), srandom_deterministic(3), seed48_deterministic(3) and lcong48_deterministic(3) are added for cases where determinism needs to be requested.
• At resume (or unhibernate) time, use a variety of methods to reseed the random number generator. This also works on VMs which wake up (if a wakeup event is seen).
• All architectures have been transitioned to static PIE, meaning the statically linked binaries in /bin and /sbin now have randomly located text segments.
• Allow larger .openbsd.randomdata ELF segments.
• Sync kernel AES code and ssh(1) AES code to the one shipped with OpenSSL/LibreSSL.
• Removed passwd(1) support for all password ciphers except blowfish(3).
• Use sha512 instead of md5 for tcp(4) initial sequence number.
• Use sha512 instead of md5 in the random number generator.
• Delete secret or secret-derived data in many base utilities with explicit_bzero(3).

Assorted improvements:

• New rcctl(8) utility to control daemons.
• fw_update(1) has been rewritten to be faster and smarter.
• Cleanup libevent(3), the compatibility layer for other operating systems has been removed. The API is still compatible with upstream libevent 1.4.15-stable.
• openssl(1) s_client now supports a -proxy parameter for connecting over an HTTP proxy.
• gzsig has been removed.
• Switch to fast assembly versions of some libc functions on amd64.
• Frequency scaling has been moved from apmd(8) to the kernel with an improved algorithm.
• Switch last workq API uses to taskq API and remove all traces of workq.
• Use services(5) names in the default pf rules in force during startup.
• what(1) now correctly displays $OpenBSD$ expansions.
• dhcpd(8) now removes addresses from its pf table a single time when they expire, rather than at every timeout after the expiry.
• dhcpd(8) now ensures that the pf table process exits when the main process does.
• dhcpd(8) has more informative log entries for DHCPACKs issued in response to DHCPINFORM messages.
• Added POSIX types blkcnt_t (int64) and blksize_t (int32), and used them for st_blocks (formerly int64_t) and st_blksize (formerly u_int32_t) in struct stat.
• Improved typography for banner(6).
• dhclient(8) adjusts MTU when the interface-mtu DHCP option is provided.
• Various memory leaks in dhclient(8) plugged, providing more stability for long running (in terms of time or renewals) instances.
• The dhclient(8) command line options -q (quiet) and -d (don't daemonize) are now mutually exclusive.
• The communication between the privileged and unprivileged dhclient(8) processes was reworked to further minimize information sharing.
• dhclient(8) ensures lease timeouts (renew, rebind, expire) are sane and uses default values closer to RFC suggestions.
• dhclient(8) no longer crashes when a lease expires and cannot be renewed or replaced.
• dhclient(8) improved tracking network interface link states.
• Improved network error tracking and accounting in dhclient(8).
• Private number conversion functions in dhclient(8) eliminated in favour of standard library functions.
• Further signal race cleanups in ftp(1).
• BIND has been retired, encouraging use of nsd(8) and unbound(8).
• Significant namespace cleanup in the /usr/include files, especially related to and .
• softraid(4) RAID1 and CRYPTO volumes are now bootable on the sparc64 platform.
• relayd(8) now uses "TLS" rather than "SSL" terminology to reflect the deprecation of the latter.
• relayd(8) now supports the random and source-hash modes with redirections.
• relayd(8) now supports the OPENBSD-RELAYD-MIB via agentx with snmpd(8).
• Added interfaces for setting the close-on-exec flag and/or non-blocking mode on new file descriptors: pipe2(2), dup3(2), accept4(2), mkostemp(3), mkostemps(3), the SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags for socket(2) and socketpair(2), and the MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC flag for recvmsg(2). In addition, posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2(3) now always clears the close-on-exec flag.
• Added interfaces for setting the close-on-exec flag on new FILE handles and for requesting exclusive creation via the the 'e' and 'x' mode letters for fopen(3), fdopen(3), freopen(3), and popen(3).
• Many library functions and programs changed to use the above for safety or simplicity.
• Added chflagsat(2), sockatmark(3), and stravis(3).
• Merged performance and safety fixes for fts(3) from FreeBSD.
• Merged fixes for file descriptor leaks in various rpc(3) functions from NetBSD.
• Added a kern.global_ptrace sysctl(1) to disable, by default, the ability to ptrace(2) processes that aren't your descendent.
• kdump(1) now always displays both the numeric and the textual forms for users, groups, timestamps, and sysctl ids, eliminating the -r option. It also auto-selects between decimal and hex format for arguments, renders more types of flags, and is more robust when parsing corrupt ktrace files.
• chmod(1)/chgrp(1)/chown(8) now comply with POSIX's requirements when they encounter symlinks when the -R option is used, and are safe from race conditions when doing so.
• The dmesg(8) utility can now display the console message buffer in addition to the system message buffer.
• inetd(8) now uses libevent instead of select(3).
• Reworking of the kernel pool(9) implementation to provide mpsafety and pave the way for performance improvements.
  
• Removed the workq API after replacing it with the task API.
• Add support for creating kernel threads that cannot sleep to taskq_create(9).
• Completed the implementation of the atomic (eg, atomic_cas_uint(9), atomic_swap_uint(9), atomic_add_int(9), atomic_sub_int(9), atomic_inc_int(9), and atomic_dec_int(9)) and membar (membar_sync(9)) APIs across all supported architectures.

OpenBSD httpd(8):

• SSLv2/3 is not supported anymore; renamed all occurrences of "SSL" to "TLS".
• Various TLS improvements with better support for ECDHE/DHE forward secrecy.
• Improved support for virtual hosts by supporting name- and IP- based aliases.
• Added support for basic authentication by checking against files created with htpasswd(1).
• Added support for custom error codes, blocking and dropping of connections.
• Added support for redirections and macros in specified target URLs.
• Added the "root strip" option to sanitize PATH_INFO for some CGI scripts.
• Added an option to specify an alternative log directory instead of /var/www/logs.
• Various FastCGI improvements; httpd(8) is now compatible with many well-known web applications.
• Various other fixes and improvements.

OpenSMTPD 5.4.4:

• SSLv3 is not supported anymore.
• Added support for a new message and headers parser.
• Added support for append-domain.
• Restricted address lookups to configured address families.
• Domain is no longer required when mailing a local user.
• Various other fixes and improvements.

OpenSSH 6.8
Potentially-incompatible changes:

• sshd(8): UseDNS now defaults to 'no'. Configurations that match against the client host name (via sshd_config(5) or authorized_keys) may need to re-enable it or convert to matching against addresses.

New/changed features:

• Much of OpenSSH's internal code has been re-factored to be more library-like. These changes are mostly not user-visible, but have greatly improved OpenSSH's testability and internal layout.
• Add FingerprintHash option to ssh(1) and sshd(8), and equivalent command-line flags to the other tools to control algorithm used for key fingerprints. The default changes from MD5 to SHA256 and format from hex to base64. Fingerprints now have the hash algorithm prepended. Please note that visual host keys will also be different.
• ssh(1), sshd(8): Experimental host key rotation support. Add a protocol extension for a server to inform a client of all its available host keys after authentication has completed. The client may record the keys in known_hosts, allowing it to upgrade to better host key algorithms and a server to gracefully rotate its keys. The client side of this is controlled by a UpdateHostkeys config option (default off).
• ssh(1): Add a ssh_config(5) HostbasedKeyType option to control which host public key types are tried during host-based authentication.
• ssh(1), sshd(8): fix connection-killing host key mismatch errors when sshd(8) offers multiple ECDSA keys of different lengths.
• ssh(1): when host name canonicalisation is enabled, try to parse host names as addresses before looking them up for canonicalisation. Fixes bz#2074 and avoiding needless DNS lookups in some cases.
• ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8): Key Revocation Lists (KRLs) no longer require OpenSSH to be compiled with OpenSSL support.
• ssh(1), ssh-keysign(8): Make ed25519 keys work for host based authentication.
• sshd(8): SSH protocol v.1 workaround for the Meyer, et al., Bleichenbacher Side Channel Attack. Fake up a bignum key before RSA decryption.
• sshd(8): Remember which public keys have been used for authentication and refuse to accept previously-used keys. This allows AuthenticationMethods=publickey,publickey to require that users authenticate using two different public keys.
• sshd(8): add sshd_config(5) HostbasedAcceptedKeyTypes and PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes options to allow sshd(8) to control what public key types will be accepted. Currently defaults to all.
• sshd(8): Don't count partial authentication success as a failure against MaxAuthTries.
• ssh(1): Add RevokedHostKeys option for the client to allow text-file or KRL-based revocation of host keys.
• ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8): Permit KRLs that revoke certificates by serial number or key ID without scoping to a particular CA.
• ssh(1): Add a "Match canonical" criteria that allows ssh_config(5) Match blocks to trigger only in the second config pass.
• ssh(1): Add a -G option to ssh(1) that causes it to parse its configuration and dump the result to stdout, similar to "sshd -T".
• ssh(1): Allow Match criteria to be negated (e.g. "Match !host").
• The regression test suite has been extended to cover more OpenSSH features. The unit tests have been expanded and now cover key exchange.

The following significant bugs have been fixed in this release:

• ssh-keyscan(1): ssh-keyscan(1) has been made much more robust again servers that hang or violate the SSH protocol.
• ssh(1), ssh-keygen(1): Fix regression bz#2306: Key path names were being lost as comment fields.
• ssh(1): Allow ssh_config(5) Port options set in the second config parse phase to be applied (they were being ignored). (bz#2286)
• ssh(1): Tweak config re-parsing with host canonicalisation—make the second pass through the config files always run when host name canonicalisation is enabled (and not whenever the host name changes). (bz#2267)
• ssh(1): Fix passing of wildcard forward bind addresses when connection multiplexing is in use. (bz#2324)
• ssh-keygen(1): Fix broken private key conversion from non-OpenSSH formats. (bz#2345)
• ssh-keygen(1): Fix KRL generation bug when multiple CAs are in use.
• Various fixes to manual pages. (bz#2273, bz#2288 and bz#2316)

LibreSSL
User-visible features:

• Reluctantly add server-side support for TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV.
• Import BoringSSL's crypto bytestring and crypto bytebuilder APIs.
• Jettison DTLS over SCTP.
• Move openssl(1) from /usr/sbin/openssl to /usr/bin/openssl.
• Two important cipher suites, GOST and Camellia, have been reworked or reenabled, providing better interoperability with systems around the world.
• libtls: New API for loading CA chains directly from memory instead of a file, allowing verification with privilege separation in a chroot(8) without direct access to CA certificate files.
• libtls: Ciphers default to TLSv1.2 with AEAD and PFS.
• libtls: Improved error handling and message generation.
• Added X509_STORE_load_mem API for loading certificates from memory. This facilitates accessing certificates from a chrooted environment.
• New AEAD "MAC alias" allows configuring TLSv1.2 AEAD ciphers by using 'TLSv1.2+AEAD' as the cipher selection string.
• New openssl(1) command 'certhash' replaces the c_rehash script.
• Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) support.

Code improvements:

• Dead and disabled code removal including MD5, Netscape workarounds, non-POSIX IO, SCTP, RFC 3779 support, "#if 0" sections, and more.
• The ASN1 macros are expanded to aid readability and maintainability.
• Various NULL pointer asserts removed in favor of letting the OS/signal handler catch them.
• Dozens of issues found with the Coverity scanner fixed.

Security updates:

• Fix a Bleichenbacher style timing oracle with bad PKCS padding.
• Fix memory leaks.
• Address POODLE attack by disabling SSLv3 by default.
• SHA256 Camellia cipher suites for TLS 1.2 from RFC 5932.
• Earlier libtls support for non-blocking sockets and randomized session ID contexts.
• Ensure the stack is marked non-executable for assembly sections.
• Multiple CVEs fixed including CVE-2014-3506, CVE-2014-3507, CVE-2014-3508, CVE-2014-3509, CVE-2014-3510, CVE-2014-3511, CVE-2014-3570, CVE-2014-3572, CVE-2014-8275, CVE-2015-0205 and CVE-2015-0206.

mandoc 1.13.3:

• man(1), apropos(1), and mandoc(1) now have a unified user interface, all with the same options, and are in fact all implemented by the same binary program.
• For man(1), this implies new options -l and -IKOTW, and it now finds manual pages by the names in their NAME sections even if they lack matching file names.
• For apropos(1), this implies new options -acfhklw and -IKOTW.
• For mandoc(1), this implies new options -acfhkl.
• mandoc(1) now automatically detects and transparently accepts input encoded in utf-8 and iso-8859-1, and provides a new option -K to explicitly specify the input encoding.
• The mandoc(1) default output mode now is -Tlocale rather than -Tascii.
• eqn(7) now supports in-line equations, and terminal rendering of equations is considerably improved.
• mandoc(1) -Thtml now generates polyglot HTML5 and renders eqn(7) using MathML.
• mandoc(1) can no longer fail with fatal errors, no matter how broken the input file may be, and the -Wfatal message level no longer has any effect. A new diagnostic level -Wunsupp is provided. Besides, many diagnostic messages are now more specific.
• Many crashes were fixed that Jonathan Gray found with the American Fuzzy Lop (afl).

Syslogd:

• OpenBSD syslogd(8) is based on libevent now.
• Sending and receiving UDP messages works with both IPv4 and IPv6.
• Syslog messages can also be sent over TCP or TLS. The syntax to specify the loghost is documented in syslog.conf(5).
• Sending over TCP and TLS is reliable. If a connection terminates, syslogd tries to reconnect. When the message buffer in memory gets full, the number of dropped messages is counted and logged.
• With TLS, the x509 certificate of the syslog server is verified.
• The maximum message size has been increased according to newer RFC.

Ports and packages:

• Over 9,000 ports.

Many pre-built packages for each architecture:

• i386: 8722
• sparc64: 8184
• alpha: 6811
• sh: 0
• amd64: 8745
• powerpc: 8286
• m88k: 1148
• sparc: 4026
• arm: 0
• hppa: 6718
• vax: 1550
• mips64: 1595
• mips64el: 6914

Some highlights:

• Chromium 40.0.2214.115
• Emacs 21.4 and 24.4
• GCC 4.8.4 and 4.9.2
• GHC 7.8.4
• GNOME 3.14.2
• Go 1.4.1
• Groff 1.22.3
• JDK 1.7.0.71
• KDE 3.5.10 and 4.14.3
• LLVM/Clang 3.5 (20140228)
• LibreOffice 4.3.5.2
• MariaDB 10.0.16
• Mono 3.12.0
• Mozilla Firefox 31.4.0esr and 35.0.1
• Mozilla Thunderbird 31.4.0
• Node.js 0.10.35
• OpenLDAP 2.3.43 and 2.4.40
• PHP 5.3.29, 5.4.38, 5.5.22 and 5.6.5
• Postfix 2.11.4
• PostgreSQL 9.4.1
• Python 2.7.9 and 3.4.2
• R 3.1.2
• Ruby 1.8.7.374, 1.9.3.551, 2.0.0.598, 2.1.5, and 2.2.0
• Sendmail 8.15.1
• Tcl/Tk 8.5.16 and 8.6.2
• TeX Live 2013
• Vim 7.4.475
• Xfce 4.10
• As usual, steady improvements in manual pages and other documentation.

The system includes the following major components from outside suppliers:

• Xenocara (based on X.Org 7.7 with xserver 1.16.4 + patches, freetype 2.5.5, fontconfig 2.11.1, Mesa 10.2.9, xterm 314, xkeyboard-config 2.13 and more)
• Gcc 4.2.1 (+ patches) and 3.3.6 (+ patches)
• Perl 5.20.1 (+ patches)
• SQLite 3.8.6 (+ patches)
• NSD 4.1.1
• Unbound 1.5.2
• Sudo 1.7.2p8
• Ncurses 5.7
• Binutils 2.15 (+ patches)
• Gdb 6.3 (+ patches)
• Less 458 (+ patches)
• Awk Aug 10, 2011 version

Autor

OpenBSD wird ausschließlich von Freiwilligen entwickelt. Das Projekt finanziert die nötige Entwicklungsumgebung und Veranstaltungen für Entwickler mit dem Verkauf von CDs und durch die Annahme von Spenden von Organisationen und Privatpersonen. Diese Geldmittel stellen sicher, dass OpenBSD auch weiterhin existiert, und frei für jeden und jegliche Benutzung bleibt.

Produkt-Details

• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Betriebssysteme / Server ► Unix / Linux
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Netzwerke ► Sicherheit / Firewall
• Themenwelt: Informatik ► Theorie / Studium ► Kryptologie
• Schlagworte: BSD • BSD Unix • Kryptographie • LINUX /CD-ROM • Open BSD • UNIX, Betriebssystem
• ISBN-10: 0-9881561-5-6 / 0988156156
• ISBN-13: 978-0-9881561-5-9 / 9780988156159
• Zustand: Neuware