Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism / Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism (eBook)

David Gubbins, Emilio Herrero-Bervera (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2007 | 2007
XXVI, 1054 Seiten
Springer Netherland (Verlag)
978-1-4020-4423-6 (ISBN)

Infos

Consisting of more than 300 articles, this is the first single encyclopedia to encompass the fields of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism in a single volume. It details the current state of knowledge and provides an up-to-date synthesis of the most basic concepts.

---

Understanding the process underlying the origin of Earth magnetic field is one of the greatest challenges left to classical Physics. Geomagnetism, being the oldest Earth science, studies the Earth’s magnetic field in its broadest sense.
The magnetic record left in rocks is studied in Paleomagnetism. Both fields have applications, pure and applied: in navigation, in the search for minerals and hydrocarbons, in dating rock sequences, and in unraveling past geologic movements such as plate motions they have contributed to a better understanding of the Earth.

Consisting of more than 300 articles written by ca 200 leading experts, this authoritative reference encompasses the entire fields of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism in a single volume. It describes in fine detail at an assessable level the state of the current knowledge and provides an up-to-date synthesis of the most basic concepts. As such, it will be an indispensable working tool not only for geophysicists and geophysics students but also for geologists, physicists, atmospheric and environmental scientists, and engineers.

Autor

David Gubbins is Research Professor of Earth Sciences in the School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, UK. He did his PhD on geomagnetic dynamos in Cambridge, supervised by Sir Edward Bullard (qv.) and has worked in the USA and in Cambridge before moving to Leeds in 1989. His work has included dynamo theory and its connection with the Earth's thermal history, modelling the Earth's magnetic field from historical measurements, and recently the interpretation of paleomagnetic data. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and has been awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society and the John Adam Fleming (qv.) Medal of the American Geophysical Union for original research and leadership in geomagnetism. Emilio Herrero-Bervera is Research Professor of Geophysics at the School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) within the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where he is the head of the Paleomagnetics and Petrofabrics Laboratory. During his career he has published over 90 papers in professional journals including Nature, JGR, EPSL, JVGR. He has worked in such diverse fields as volcanology, sedimentology, plate tectonics and has done field work on 5 continents

Inhalt

Aeromagnetic surveying
Agricola, Georgius (1494–1555)
Alfvén waves
Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta (1908–1995)
Alfvén's theorem and the frozen flux approximation
Anelastic and Boussinesq approximations
Anisotropy, electrical
Anti-dynamo and bounding theorems
Archaeology, magnetic methods
Archaeomagnetism
Auroral oval
Baked contact test
Bangui anomaly
Barlow, Peter (1776–1862)
Bartels, Julius (1899–1964)
Bauer, Louis Agricola (1865–1932)
Bemmelen, Willem van (1868–1941)
Benton, Edward R. (1934–1992)
Bingham statistics
Biomagnetism
Blackett, Patrick Maynard Stuart, Baron of Chelsea (1897–1974)
Bullard, Edward Crisp (1907–1980)
Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
Carnegie, research vessel
CHAMP
Chapman, Sydney (1888–1970)
Coast effect of induced currents
Compass
Conductivity geothermometer
Conductivity, ocean floor measurements
Convection, chemical
Convection, non-magnetic rotating
Core composition
Core convection
Core density
Core motions
Core origin
Core properties, physical
Core properties, theoretical determination
Core temperature
Core turbulence
Core viscosity
Core, adiabatic gradient
Core, boundary layers
Core, electrical conductivity
Core, magnetic instabilities
Core, thermal conduction
Core-based inversions for the main geomagnetic field
Core-mantle boundary topography, implications for dynamics
Core-mantle boundary topography, seismology
Core-mantle boundary, heat flow across
Core-mantle coupling, electromagnetic
Core-mantle coupling, thermal
Core-mantle coupling, topographic
Cowling, Thomas George (1906–1990)
Cowling's Theorem
Cox, Allan V. (1926–1987)
Crustal magnetic field
D'' and F Layers of the Earth
D'' as a boundary layer
D'', anisotropy
D'', composition
D'', seismic properties
Della Porta, Giambattista (1535–1615)
Demagnetization
Depth to Curie temperature
Dipole moment variation
Dynamo waves
Dynamo, Backus
Dynamo, Braginsky
Dynamo, Bullard-Gellman
Dynamo, disk
Dynamo, Gailitis
Dynamo, Herzenberg
Dynamo, Lowes-Wilkinson
Dynamo, Model-Z
Dynamo, Ponomarenko
Dynamo, solar
Dynamos, experimental
Dynamos, fast
Dynamos, kinematic
Dynamos, mean field
Dynamos, periodic
Dynamos, planetary and satellite
Earth structure, major divisions
Elsasser, Walter M. (?–1991)
EM modeling, forward
EM modeling, inverse
EM, industrial uses
EM, lake bottom measurements
EM, land uses
EM, regional studies
EM, tectonic interpretations
Environmental magnetism
Environmental magnetism, paleomagnetic applications
Equilibration of magnetic field, weak and strong field dynamos
Euler deconvolution
First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams
Fisher statistics
Fleming, John Adam (1877–1855)
Fluid dynamics experiments
Galvanic distortion
Gauss' determination of absolute intensity
Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777–1855)
Gellibrand, Henry (1597–1636)
Geocentric axial dipole hypothesis
Geodynamo
Geodynamo, dimensional analysis and timescales
Geodynamo, energy sources
Geodynamo, numerical simulations
Geodynamo, symmetry properties
Geomagnetic deep sounding
Geomagnetic dipole field
Geomagnetic excursion
Geomagnetic field, asymmetries
Geomagnetic hazards
Geomagnetic jerks
Geomagnetic polarity reversals
Geomagnetic polarity reversals, observations
Geomagnetic polarity timescales
Geomagnetic pulsations
Geomagnetic reversal sequence, statistical structure
Geomagnetic reversals, archives
Geomagnetic secular variation
Geomagnetic spectrum, spatial
Geomagnetic spectrum, temporal
Geomagnetism, history of
Gilbert William (1544–1603)
Gravitational torque
Gravity-inertio waves and inertial oscillations
Grüneisen's parameter for iron and Earth's core
Halley, Edmond (1656–1742)
Hansteen, Christopher (1784–1873)
Harmonics, spherical
Harmonics, spherical cap
Hartmann, Georg (1489–1564)
Helioseismology
Higgins-Kennedy paradox
Humboldt, Alexander von (1759–1859)
Humboldt, Alexander von and magnetic storms
IAGA, International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy
Ideal solution theory
IGRF, International Geomagnetic Reference Field
Induction arrows
Induction from satellite data
Inhomogeneous boundary conditions and the dynamo
Inner core anisotropy
Inner core composition
Inner core oscillation
Inner core rotation
Inner core rotational dynamics
Inner core seismic velocities
Inner core tangent cylinder
Inner core, PKJKP
Instrumentation, history of
Interiors of planets and satellites
Internal external field separation
Ionosphere
Iron sulphides
Jesuits, role in geomagnetism
Kircher, Athanasius (1602–1680)
Langel, Robert A. (1937–2000)
Laplace's equation, uniqueness of solutions
Larmor, Joseph (1857–1942)
Lehmann, Inge (1888–1993)
Length of day variations, decadal
Length of day variations, long term
Lloyd, Humphrey (1808–1881)
Magnetic anisotropy, sedimentary rocks and strain alteration
Magnetic anomalies for geology and resources
Magnetic anomalies, long wavelength
Magnetic anomalies, marine
Magnetic anomalies, modeling
Magnetic domain
Magnetic field of Mars
Magnetic field of Sun
Magnetic indices
Magnetic mineralogy, changes due to heating
Magnetic properties, low-temperature
Magnetic proxy parameters
Magnetic remanence, anisotropy
Magnetic shielding
Magnetic surveys, marine
Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy
Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy, effects of heating
Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy, rock fabric
Magnetic susceptibility, low-field
Magnetization, anhysteretic remanent (ARM)
Magnetization, chemical remanent (CRM)
Magnetization, depositional remanent (DRM)
Magnetization, isothermal remanent (IRM)
Magnetization, natural remanent (NRM)
Magnetization, oceanic crust
Magnetization, piezo-remanent
Magnetization, remanent, application
Magnetization, remanent, fold test
Magnetization, thermoremanent (TRM)
Magnetization, thermoremanent, in minerals
Magnetization, viscous remanent (VRM)
Magnetoconvection
Magnetohydrodynamic waves
Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetometers, laboratory
Magnetosphere of the Earth
Magnetostratigraphy
Magnetotellurics
Magsat
Main field maps
Main field modelling
Main field, ellipticity correction
Mantle, electrical conductivity, mineralogy
Mantle, thermal conductivity
Marine controlled source EM
Matuyama, Motonori (1884–1958)
Melting temperature of iron in the core, experimental
Melting temperature of iron in the core, theory
Microwave palaeomagnetic technique
Nagata, Takesi (1913–1991)
Natural sources for EM induction studies
Neél, Louis (1904–2000)
Non-dipole field
Non-dynamo theories
Norman, Robert (1560–1585)
Observatories, overview
Observatories instrumentation
Observatories automation
Observatories, intermagnet
Observatories programme in Australia
Observatories programme in the British Isles
Observatories programme in France
Observatories programme in USA
Observatories in Antarctica
Observatories in Benelux countries
Observatories in Canada
Observatories in China
Observatories in East and Central Europe
Observatories in Germany
Observatories in India
Observatories in Italy
Observatories in Japan and Asia
Observatories in Latin America
Observatories in New Zealand and the South Pacific
Observatories in Nordic countries
Observatories in Russia
Observatories in southern Africa
Observatories in Spain
Ocean, electromagnetic effects
Oldham, Richard Dixon (1858–1936)
Ørsted, Hans Christian (1777–1851)
Oscillations, torsional
Paleointensity, absolute, determination
Paleointensity, absolute, techniques
Paleointensity, relative, in sediments
Paleomagnetic field collection methods
Paleomagnetic secular variation
Paleomagnetism
Paleomagnetism, deep-sea sediments
Paleomagnetism, extraterrestrial
Paleomagnetism, orogenic belts
Parkinson, Wilfred Dudley (1919–2001)
Peregrinus, Petrus (c. 1220–?)
Periodic external fields
Plate tectonics, China
POGO (OGO-2, -4 and -6 spacecraft)
Polarity transition, paleomagnetic record
Polarity transitions
Pole, paleomagnetic
Potential vorticity and potential magnetic field theorems
Precession and core dynamics
Price, Albert Thomas (1903–1978)
Principal component analysis in paleomagnetism
Project MAGNET
Proudman-Taylor theorem
Radioactive isotopes, their decay in mantle and core
Reduction to pole
Repeat stations
Reversals, theory
Rikitake, Tsuneji (1921–?)
Ring current
Robust electromagnetic transfer functions estimates
Rock magnetism
Rock magnetism, hysteresis measurements
Rock magnetometer, superconducting
Runcorn, S. Keith (1922–1995)
Runcorn's theorem
Sabine, Edward (1788–1883)
Seamount magnetism
Secular variation model
SEDI
Seismic phases
Seismo-electromagnetic effects
Shaw and microwave methods, absolute paleointensity determination
Shock wave experiments
Spinner magnetometer
Statistical methods for paleovector analysis
Storms and substorms, magnetic
Stress demagnetization
Superchrons, changes in reversal frequency
Susceptibility
Susceptibility, measurements of solids
Susceptibility, parameters, anisotropy
Taylor's condition
Thellier, Émile (1904–1987)
Thermal wind
Time-averaged paleomagnetic field
Time-dependent models of the geomagnetic field
Transfer functions
Transient EM induction
True polar wander
ULVZ, ultra-low velocity zone
Units
Upward and downward continuation
Variable field translation balance
Verhoogen, John (1912–1993)
Vine-Matthews-Morley hypothesis
Volcano-electromagnetic effects
Voyages making geomagnetic measurements
Watkins, Norman David (1934–1977)
Westward drift

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 19.7.2007
• Reihe/Serie: Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism
• Verlagsort: Dordrecht
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Schulbuch / Wörterbuch ► Lexikon / Chroniken
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geophysik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Mineralogie / Paläontologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Elektrodynamik
• Schlagworte: biomagnetism • Dynamo Theory • Electromagnetic Induction • Environmental magnetics • Geomagnetism • KLTcatalog • MRWCat2006 • Paleomagnetism • Rock Magnetism
• ISBN-10: 1-4020-4423-2 / 1402044232
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4020-4423-6 / 9781402044236