Coding and Decoding: Seismic Data (eBook)

The Concept of Multishooting

Luc T. Ikelle (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2010 | 1. Auflage
618 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-091445-9 (ISBN)

Infos

Currently, the acquisition of seismic surveys is performed as a sequential operation in which shots are computed separately, one after the other. The concept of the multishooting approach illustrates that several shots can be generated from several locations and at different time intervals simultaneously. This approach is similar to that of multiple-access technology, which is widely used in cellular communications to allow several subscribers to share the same telephone line.

The cost of performing various shots simultaneously is almost identical to that of one shot, thus, the savings in time and money expected from using the multishooting approach for computing seismic surveys compared to the current approach are enormous. By using this approach, the long-standing problem of simulating a three-dimensional seismic survey can be reduced to a matter of weeks and not years, as is currently the case.

This book investigates how to collect, stimulate, and process multishooting data, as well as address what improvements in seismic characterization and resolution one can expect.

• Investigates how to collect, stimulate, and process multishooting data


• Addresses the improvements in seismic characterization and resolution one can expect from multishooting data


• Aims to educate the oil and gas exploration and production business of the benefits of multishooting data, and to influence their day-to-day surveying techniques

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Currently, the acquisition of seismic surveys is performed as a sequential operation in which shots are computed separately, one after the other. This approach is similar to that of multiple-access technology, which is widely used in cellular communications to allow several subscribers to share the same telephone line. The cost of performing various shots simultaneously is almost identical to that of one shot; thus, the savings in time and money expected from using the multishooting approach for computing seismic surveys compared to the current approach are enormous. By using this approach, the long-standing problem of simulating a three-dimensional seismic survey can be reduced to a matter of weeks and not years, as is currently the case. - Investigates how to collect, stimulate, and process multishooting data- Addresses the improvements in seismic characterization and resolution one can expect from multishooting data- Aims to educate the oil and gas exploration and production business of the benefits of multishooting data, and to influence their day-to-day surveying techniques

Inhalt

Front cover 1
Half title page 2
Title page 4
Copyright page 5
Contents 6
Preface 10
Volume contents 14
Chapter 1. Introduction to Multishooting: Challenges and Rewards 16
1.1. Dimensions and Notation Conventions 18
1.2. Scattering Experiments in Petroleum Seismology 21
1.3. An Illustration of the Concept of Multishooting 40
1.4. The Rewards of Multishooting 49
1.5. The Challenges of Multishooting 56
1.6. Scope and Content of This Book 67
Chapter 2. Mathematics of Statistical Decoding: Instantaneous Mixtures 70
2.1. Seismic Data Representation as Random Variables 72
2.2. Uncorrelatedness and Independence 98
2.3. ICA Decoding 135
2.4. Decoding Methods of Noisy Mixtures 168
Problems 171
Chapter 3. Mathematics of Statistical Decoding: Convolutive Mixtures 184
3.1. Motivation and Foundation for Working in the T-F-X Domain 194
3.2. Statistics of Complex Random Variables and Vectors 203
3.3. Decoding in the T-F-X Domain: The MICA Approach 248
3.4. Decoding in Other Domains 288
Problems 298
Chapter 4. Decoding Methods for Underdetermined Mixtures 308
4.1. Identification: Estimation of the Mixing Matrix 309
4.2. Some Background on Sparsity Optimization 337
4.3. Separation Based on ICA Decomposition 365
4.4. Separation Based on Phase Encoding 384
4.5. Array-processing Decoding Methods 409
4.6. Decoding with Known Source Signatures 418
4.7. Decoding with Unknown Source Signatures 423
Problems 429
Chapter 5. Modeling and Imaging of Multishot Data 434
5.1. Introduction to Multiple Attenuation 435
5.2. Kirchhoff--Scattering Demultiple of Multishot Data 447
5.3. The Sea-Level-Based Demultiple 492
5.4. Migration and Velocity Analysis 503
5.5. Numerical Modeling Using the Multishooting Concept 533
Problems 548
Appendix A. Nonnegative Matrix Factorization 554
A.1. Lee-Seung Matrix Factorization Algorithm 555
A.2. Other Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Algorithms 571
A.3. Decoding Challenges 582
Appendix B. Nonnegative Tensor Factorization 584
B.1. Parafac Decomposition Model 584
B.2. Tucker Tensor Factorization 590
Appendix C. A Review of 3D Finite-difference Modelling 594
C.1. Basic Equations for Elastodynamic Wave Motion 594
C.2. Discretization in Both Time and Space 596
C.3. Staggered-grid Implementation 597
C.4. Stability of the Staggered-grid Finite-difference Modelling 602
C.5. Grid Dispersion in Finite-difference Modelling 602
C.6. Boundary Conditions 603
Bibliography 604
Author Index 612
Subject Index 616

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 29.3.2010
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik
• Themenwelt: Mathematik / Informatik ► Mathematik
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Ökologie / Naturschutz
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geografie / Kartografie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geophysik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-091445-4 / 0080914454
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-091445-9 / 9780080914459