Evidence and Hypothesis in Clinical Medical Science (eBook)

John Alexander Pinkston (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2020 | 1st ed. 2020
XIII, 152 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-44270-5 (ISBN)

Infos

In this book, the author argues that no current philosophical theory of evidence in clinical medical science is adequate. None can accurately explain the way evidence is gathered and used to confirm hypotheses. To correct this, he proposes a new approach called the weight of evidence account. This innovative method supplies a satisfactory explanation and rationale for the 'hierarchical pyramid' of evidence-based medicine, with randomized clinical trials and their derivatives, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials at the top and case reports, case series, expert opinion, and the like at the bottom.

The author illustrates the development of various 'levels' of evidence by considering the evolution of less invasive surgical treatments for early breast cancer. He shows that the weight of evidence account explains the notion of levels of evidence and other efforts to rank them. In addition, he presents a defense of randomization as a method to maximize accuracy in the conduct of clinical trials.

The title also considers ethical issues surrounding experimentation with medical therapies in human subjects. It illustrates and discusses these issues in studies of respiratory therapies in neonates and treatment for certain cancers in adults. The author shows that in many cases sufficient evidence can be accrued to warrant generally accepted new therapies without the need for evidence derived from randomized clinical trials.

John A. Pinkston, MD is a practicing Radiation Oncologist in Birmingham, AL. Dr. Pinkston graduated from University of Miami Leonard M Miller School of Medicine in 1968 and has been in practice for 49 years. He received his M.D. and Ph.D. (in philosophy) from the University of Miami. Dr. Pinkston completed residencies at the United States Naval Medical Center and at the Stanford University Medical Center. He received a Doctor of Public Health (Dr.P.H.) from the University of Alabama, Birmingham. Dr. Pinkston served as a Research Associate in the Department of Medicine, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan and as a Clinical Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama, Birmingham.

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.5.2020
• Reihe/Serie: Synthese Library
• Reihe/Serie: Synthese Library
• Zusatzinfo: XIII, 152 p. 3 illus.
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Ethik
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Onkologie
• Schlagworte: Confirmation in medicine • Confirmation of hypotheses in clinical medical science • defense of randomization • defense of randomization as a method to maximize accuracy • hierarchical pyramid of evidence–based medicine • Inference to the Best Explanation • is evidence from randomized clinical trials necessary • Philosophical confirmation theory • research ethics • Theories of confirmation • weight of evidence account defended
• ISBN-10: 3-030-44270-5 / 3030442705
• ISBN-13: 978-3-030-44270-5 / 9783030442705