Subjective (eBook)

Jaakko Saaristo (Autor)

eBook Download: EPUB

2020
752 Seiten
Distributed By Ingram Spark (Verlag)
978-1-9163340-0-7 (ISBN)

Infos

The Subjective is an existential linguistic study that aims to clarify the meaning of the subjective and objective domains of life and to ultimately understand why our world tends to disdain human subjectivity and remains fixated on the objective. It builds upon the work of Wittgenstein and Kierkegaard, highly original and subjective thinkers that are often revered yet considered mysterious in academic setting. The text strives to make these thinkers approachable by also non-professional philosophers, yet the focus remains on using the method of linguistic analysis for a complete scrutiny over what it means for something to be subjective or objective.Apart from the topic of subjectivity, other themes under scrutiny are meaning, ethics and morality, reason, logic, truth, religion and technology.The text being existential means that there is a conscious aim to look at problems from the full moral perspective of the individual subject, as opposed to being sterilized into questions of syntactic correctness. There is, however, an equally conscious aim to resist reducing problems into subjective opinions of the author; the common ground for inspecting the meaning of something is our shared human language that we need to approach from the perspective that words and expressions carry a meaning that ideally can be shared by anybody and everybody. The conception of meaning is firmly grounded on Wittgenstein's ';meaning as use', as opposed to the common metaphysical worldview where words denote objects.The book is constructed in three parts that could be summarized as theory, analysis and politics.

Inhalt

Preface

Introduction    1

PART I. The Basis of Thought    20

I-1. Existence and Subjectivity    22

I-2. The Method of Linguistic Analysis    84

I-3. The Mechanics of Meaning    108

I-4. The Subjective, the Objective and Truth    136

I-5. Philosophy, Religion and Ethics    156

I-6. The Nature of Ethics and Aesthetics    183

I-7. The Nature of Reason    218

I-8. The Four Types of Reason    236

I-8-1. Justification    241

I-8-2. Logic    250

I-8-3. Teleology    270

I-8-4. Causality    280

PART II. Common Misconceptions    290

II-1. Linguistic Confusion    291

II-2. The Dual Nature of Philosophical Problems    302

II-2-1. Meaning    307

II-2-2. Reason and Cause    313

II-2-3. Truth    318

II-2-4. Agreement and Understanding    321

II-2-5. Allowed and Imaginable    325

II-2-6. Free Will    328

II-2-7. Dreams    331

II-3. The Subjective Nature of Morality    341

II-4. The Metaphysical World    370

II-5. Religious Language    401

II-6. The Spiritual World    431

II-7. The Social Nature of Religion    451

II-8. Technological Argumentation    510

II-9. Computationalist Science    544

PART III. Socio-political Analysis    591

III-1. The Basis of Democracy    593

III-2. Democratic Developments    613

III-3. The Decline of Morality    645

III-4. The Invisible Hand    665

III-5. Information-Age Rhetorical Tactics    703

III-5-1. Personalization    705

III-5-2. Caricature    707

III-5-3. Facts    709

III-5-4. Mystification    711

III-5-5. Ignorance    712

III-5-6. Victimizing    714

III-5-7. Umbrage    720

III-5-8. Prudential    722

III-5-9. Pathologizing    724

III-5-10. Propaganda Inserts    728

III-5-11. Experts    732

III-5-12. Dictatorship vs Democracy    736

Acknowledgements    738

About the Author    739

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 3.1.2020
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Schlagworte: Existentialism • Kierkegaard • Philosophy • Wittgenstein
• ISBN-10: 1-9163340-0-8 / 1916334008
• ISBN-13: 978-1-9163340-0-7 / 9781916334007