On the Essence of Language

The Metaphysics of Language and the Essencing of the Word Concerning Herder's Treatise On the Origin of Language

Martin Heidegger (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

196 Seiten

2018
State University of New York Press (Verlag)
978-0-7914-6272-0 (ISBN)

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This important early Heidegger text sheds new light on his later focus on language.

This English translation of Vom Wesen der Sprache, volume 85 of Martin Heidegger's Gesamtausgabe, contains fascinating discussions of language that are important both for those interested in Heidegger's thought and for those who wish to think through the nature of language. The guiding theme of these reflections on language is found in Heidegger's lecture notes for a 1939 seminar that focused on J. G. Herder's treatise On the Origin of Language. This course, given just after the completion of his Contributions to Philosophy, sheds new light on the force of language in Heidegger's thought and shows the first openings to his later, better-known works dedicated to the topic of language. The result of this project is to outline how it is that thinking the being of the word moves out of metaphysics into the poetic word and its relation to history. A crucial work, this course brings the reader close to a decisive moment in Heidegger's thought, letting us see how he struggled forward to new ways of thinking how it is that "language as language" can be thought.

Wanda Torres Gregory is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Simmons College and the coeditor (with Donna Giancola) of World Ethics. Yvonne Unna is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Seton Hall University.

Translators' Foreword

I. CONCERNING THE INTERPRETATION OF HERDER, ON THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE

1. The human being has languageThe word has the human being
2. The traditional understanding of "language" and the essence of the human being (animalhood) and Herder's posing of the question
3. On the essence of language
4. Why do we ask for the essence of language?
5. Our reflection on language
6. The distinction between animal and human being
7. Herder's treatise
8. On the "Monadology"

II. CONSTRUCTION OF THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE IN THE MODE OF USE OF THE FREELY OPERATING REFLECTION

9. Origin of language
10. The human being
11. The analogue construction of the essence of the human being, developed from the animal economy
12. Reflective awareness
13. Reflection and attention (differentiating), distinct, interpretable representing
14. Cognitio distincta (distinctness)
15. Reflective awareness and free-standingness
16. "Reflective awareness" and "language"
17. The inner word: mark of a distinct reflection
18. Inventing-by-finding
19. Individual considerations and conceptual determinations

III. TOWARD A DISCUSSION WITH HERDER

20. Toward a fundamental discussion with Herder
21. Critical question regarding the analogue construction of the human being
22. Essential steps
23. Fore-grasp
24. Questionthe fundamental position

IV. ON THE ESSENCE OF LANGUAGE

25. The word as essencing of being [des Seyns]
26. Language
27. Language and "language"
28. The traditionalmetaphysical appearance of language
29. The human being and "language"
30. "Language"
31. On the essence of language

V. ON HERDER, ON THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE

32. Herder
33. On Herder in general
34. Herder and Leibniz
35. Languagespeaking
36. Human languageanimal language
37. Herder's first section
38. "The first word"
39. Reflection (reflexion)
40. Reflective awarenessreflectionthinking overreflexion
41. The eternal merry-go-round
42. Languagethe human being
43. Herderon the origin of language
44. Mood"voice"

VI. PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE

45. The beginning of philosophy of language proper during the Enlightenment
46. "Origin"
47. On the essence of language
48. The word
49. The other beginning

VII. CROSSING

50. The knowledge of the crossing
51. The word "of" being ["des" Seyns]

VIII. METAPHYSICS OF LANGUAGE AND THE CROSSING

52. The metaphysics "of" "language" and the consideration of language within metaphysics
53. Decisions, developed from the metaphysics of language
54. Psychology of language

IX. STEFAN GEORGE

55. Crossing word
56. Sea Song
57. Sea Song
58. Sea Song
59. The Word

X. LANGUAGEFREEDOMWORD

60. Freedom and word
61. Animal and human being

XI. ON THE QUESTION OF THE ORIGIN AND THE HERDERIAN
MEDITATION ON THE ORIGIN AS METAPHYSICAL

62. Humboldt
63. Drives of the unfolding and development of language
64. Herder’s meditation on the origin as metaphysical
65. Herder's question of the origin (In how far "question of the essence"?)
66. "Reason"
67. Question of the origin as question of the essence (metaphysicallybeing-historically)
68. Question of the essence and of the origin
69. Question of the origin and question of the essence
70. "Origin of language"

XII. DISPOSITION

71. Question of the originas question of origination and of essence
72. Question of the origin
73. Structure and course of the meditation on the origin
74. Inner and outer language
75. Inner and outer word
76. The role of hearing
77. Overview
78. Herder: the human being
79. Three hints on being [das Seyn] (and being-there)

XIII. QUESTION OF THE ORIGIN

80. Question of the origin as question of origination and of essence
81. Essence as beingness and essencing
82. "Project"

XIV. FROM HERDER TO GRIMM
(METAPHYSICS AND SCIENCE OF LANGUAGE)

83. Grimm's address (1851)
84. From Herder to Grimm
85. From Herder to Grimm
86. From Herder to Grimm
87. The "divine" origin of language

XV. SAYING AND HEARINGSOUND AND SILENCE

88. Hearkening
89. Sounding (sound)
90. Sound
91. Hearing and hearkening
92. "Hearing" and being [Seyn]
93. Mark and sound
94. "Sound" and mark
95. The outer word
96. Sounding and script
97. Language (human) and hearing
98. Herder: "that which is alive"

XVI. HEARKENING AS MIDDLE OF THE SENSORIUM COMMUNE
"SOUNDING" AND THE "TONE THAT BREAKS FREE"

99. Herder's consideration of the role of hearing
100. Hearing, language, making sounds, sounding Question of decision
101. The being-historical response (cf. Question of decision)
102. Hearing as middle of the sensorium commune and the essence of hearkening
103. The sounding of language

XVII. "FEELING" AND "SENSE OF HEARING" IN HERDER
SOUNDING AND MAKING SOUNDS

104. Feeling
105. The sensorium commune and the sense of hearing
106. Language and sound
107. Herder's approach
108. Relation between the 2nd and 3rd section of the 1st part
109. What is reason?

XVIII. "THE SHEEP BLEATS"

110. "You are the one bleating"
111. "Bleating"
112. "Listen!" "The sheep bleats"
113. "The ear the first teacher of language"
114. Sound and tone

XIX. LANGUAGE AND REASON

115. Reason and language
116. Reflective awareness and language (inner word)
117. Reflective awareness and mark
118. Wanting to know
119. Reflective awareness
120. The distinction
121. The "as" and the "for"
122. Language as "medium of our spiritual self-feeling and consciousness"
123. Markthought in being-historical manner
124. Markinner word and dialogue
125. Aping and imitating
126. Origin of language: The question of the origin as question of the essence
127. The one and the other project of the essence of language
128. Languagethe word
129. The experience of the word

APPENDIX: SEMINAR MINUTES

1st Class: Alfred Franz
2nd Class: Georg Schmiege
3rd Class: Heinz Maeder
4th Class: Elisabeth Schmidt
5th Class: Siegfried Bröse
6th Class: Dr. Wolfgang Ritzel
7th Class: Otto Rasper
8th Class: Hans Hermann Groothoff
9th Class: Irmgard Mylius
10th Class: Karl Ulmer
11th Class: Paul Wettach

Editor's Epilogue

Lexicon

Erscheinungsdatum	13.09.2018
Reihe/Serie	SUNY series in Contemporary Continental Philosophy
Übersetzer	Wanda Torres Gregory, Yvonne Unna
Zusatzinfo	Total Illustrations: 0
Verlagsort	Albany, NY
Sprache	englisch
Maße	152 x 229 mm
Gewicht	399 g
Themenwelt	Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
Themenwelt	Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Sprachphilosophie
ISBN-10	0-7914-6272-2 / 0791462722
ISBN-13	978-0-7914-6272-0 / 9780791462720
Zustand	Neuware