Ethics and Cyber Warfare
Oxford University Press Inc (Verlag)
978-0-19-027652-2 (ISBN)
In this work, an internationally-respected authority in military ethics describes a wholly new kind of cyber conflict that has utterly confounded the predictions of earlier experts in information warfare. Comparing this "state-sponsored hacktivism" to the transformative impact of "irregular warfare" in conventional armed conflict, Lucas offers a critique of legal approaches to governance, and outlines a new approach to ethics and "just war" reasoning (grounded in the political philosophies of Alasdair MacIntyre, John Rawls, and Jürgen Habermas) that provides both a framework for understanding these newly-emerging norms of practice for cyber conflict, and the basis for a professional "code of ethics" for the new generation of "cyber warriors."
George Lucas is currently a Visiting Distinguished Research Professor at the John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology & Values at Notre Dame University. He is an internationally recognized authority in the field of military and applied ethics, focusing in particular upon ethics and emerging military technologies. Recent books include Anthropologists in Arms (2009) and Military Ethics: What Everyone Needs to Know (OUP, 2015). He is editor of the Routledge Handbook of Military Ethics (2015).
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction: Crime or Warfare?--1
1. Cyber (In)security: Threat Assessment in the Cyber Domain--16
What, When, and Where?--16
How?--18
Why?--19
Three Ways of Being a Hacktivist--21
Conventional Warfare--22
Unrestricted Warfare--24
State- Sponsored Hacktivism as a New Form of Warfare--27
2. Is There a Role for Ethics or Law in Cyber Conflict?--33
Irregular War and Cyberwar--33
Ethics and "Folk Morality"--35
Ethics and the Law--40
Ethics and Just War Theory--42
Strategic Plan of the Book--45
Applying Moral Theories in the Cyber Domain--48
3. The Tallinn Manual: International Law in the Aftermath of Estonia--57
International Law Applicable to Stuxnet--58
International Law and State- Sponsored Hacktivism--61
The Tallinn Manual--64
International Law and the Estonian Cyber attacks--68
"There Oughta' Be a Law!"--73
Why the Tallinn Manual Failed--76
4. Genuine Ethics versus "Folk Morality" in Cyberspace--85
The Advantages of Taking "the Moral Point of View"--86
The Challenge of Folk Morality for Authentic Ethics--88
The Origins of Universal Moral Norms--91
Thinking Ethically about Conflict in the Cyber Domain--96
Just War Theory and the Morality of Exceptions--98
Jus in Bello and Professional Military Ethics--101
Jus in Silico: Ethics and Just War Theory in the Cyber Domain--102
5. If Aristotle Waged Cyberwar: How Norms Emerge from Practice--109
Distinguishing between Laws and Norms--112
The Methodology of Uncertainty: How Do Norms "Emerge?"--113
Do Emergent Moral Norms Provide Effective Governance?--119
6. Privacy, Anonymity, and the Rise of State- Sponsored Hacktivism--125
Emergent Norms and the Rise of State- Sponsored Hacktivism--126
The Cunning of History--128
Permissible Preemptive Cyber Self- Defense--129
Privacy, Anonymity, and the Sectors of Vulnerability--130
Cyber security Measures for Individuals--131
Privacy versus Anonymity--133
A Limited Justification for Anonymity--135
Restricting Anonymity while Preserving Privacy--137
New "Rules of the Road" for Cyber Navigation--138
7. NSA Management Directive #424: Anticipatory National Self- Defense--142
Preventive War--143
Initial Public Response--147
The Dilemma of Edward Snowden--148
Government Deception and Public Trust--150
Defending National Boundaries And Personal Liberties--151
State Norms for Respecting Sovereignty and Attaining Security--153
Conclusion: Toward a Code of Ethics for Cyber Warriors--157
References--167
Index--175
| Erscheinungsdatum | 11.12.2016 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | New York |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 155 x 236 mm |
| Gewicht | 454 g |
| Themenwelt | Geisteswissenschaften ► Philosophie ► Ethik |
| Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Politische Theorie | |
| Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Staat / Verwaltung | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-19-027652-5 / 0190276525 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-19-027652-2 / 9780190276522 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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