Human Mental Workload (eBook)

P.A. Hancock, N. Meshkati (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2011 | 1. Auflage
381 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-086706-9 (ISBN)

Infos

The purpose of this volume is to look at the developments and changes that have occurred in the area of mental workload and its assessment since the NATO symposium was held in 1979. This has been achieved by inviting prominent researchers to survey their respective areas of expertise.

Examined are the current methodologies, individual differences, unanswered questions, and future directions for the mental workload issue.

Particular topics discussed include the properties of workload assessment techniques, physiological measures, heart rate variability, effort and fatigue in relation to the workload experienced during normal daily routines, subjective assessment techniques, and the cognitive psychology of subjective workload. A preliminary proposal for a cohesive model of mental load is presented. A bibliographic listing of contemporary research reports completes the volume.

Inhalt

FRONT COVER 1
HUMAN MENTAL WORKLOAD 4
COPYRIGHT PAGE 5
PREFACE 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS 10
PREAMBLE 18
CHAPTER 1. MENTAL WORKLOAD 20
APPLICATIONS 20
PSYCHOLOGICAL ISSUES 20
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASURES 20
CONTROL THEORY 20
MATHEMATICAL MODELS 21
CHAPTER 2. MEASURING MENTAL WORKLOAD: PROBLEMS, PROGRESS, AND PROMISES 22
INTRODUCTION 22
THE WORKl.OAD PROBLEM IS MULTIFACETED 23
PROBLEMS I N DEFINING MENTAL WORKLOAD 25
PROGRESS TOWARDS A USABLE DEFINITION 28
CRITERIA FOR WORKLOAD MEASUREMENT 29
TYPES OF MEASUREMENT 29
SEQUENTIAL SUBJECTIVE RATING SCALES 32
PROGRESS IN SUBJECTIVE WORKLOAD RATINGS 33
PROGRESS IN AUXILIARY-TASK TECHNIQUES 35
AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT O F WORKLOAD MARGIN 38
CORRELATION OF SUBJECTIVE RATINGS WITH WORKLOAD MARGINS 38
PROGRESS ON A THEORY FOR DIVIDED ATTENTION 40
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES OF WORKLOAD PROGRESS 45
PROMISES 47
WORKLOAD SPECIFICATIONS 52
CONCLUSION 53
REFERENCES 53
CHAPTER 3. PROPERTIES OF WORKLOAD ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES 58
I NTRODUCTION 58
SENSITIVITY 59
INTRUSlVENESS 66
IMPLICATIONS OF PROPERTIES 69
WORKLOAD METRIC EVALUATION METHODOLOGY 71
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 74
REFERENCES 76
CHAPTER 4. MEASUREMENT O F OPERATOR WORKLOAD WITH THE N EUROPSYCHOLOGIC A L WORK LOAD TEST BATTERY 80
INTRODUCTION 80
MEASURES OF BRAIN FUNCTION 83
MEASURES OF HEART RATE 93
EYE BLINK MEASURES 94
COMBINED PHYSIOLOGICAL, PERFORMANCE AND SUBJECTIVE MEASURES 95
THE NEUROPSYCHOLOCICAL WORKLOAD TEST BATTERY (NWTB) 96
OVERVIEW OF CURRENT STATUS 107
GUIDELINES FOR APPLICATION O F PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASURES 108
SUMMARY 109
REFERENCES 110
CHAPTER 5. HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND MENTAL WORKLOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ASSESSMENT 118
ABSTRACT 118
INTRODUCTION 118
HEART RATE VARIABILITY 118
REFERENCES 128
CHAPTER 6. MEASURING MENTAL FATIGUE IN NORMAL DAILY WORKING ROUTINES 134
INTRODUCTION 134
METHOD 140
RESULTS 143
DISCUSSION 150
REFERENCES 153
CHAPTER 7. DEVELOPMENT OF NASA-TLX (TASK LOAD INDEX): RESULTS OF EMPIRICAL AND THEORETICAL RESEARCH 156
ABSTRACT 156
INTRODUCTION 156
OVERALL RESULTS 165
EXPERIMENTAL CATEGORIES 170
CONSTRUCTING A WORKLOAD RATING SCALE 178
SUMMARY 192
REFERENCES 195
CHAPTER 8. THE SUBJECTIVE WORKLOAD ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE: A SCALING PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING MENTAL WORKLOAD 202
INTRODUCTI0N 202
SUBJECTlVE MEASUREMENT OF WORKLOAD 204
MENTAL WORKLOAD OPERATIONALLY DEFINED 206
CONJOINT MEASUREMENT AND CONJOINT SCALING 209
SCALE DEVEI.OPMENT 215
EVENT SCORING 220
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 228
REFERENCES 231
CHAPTER 9. T H E COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY O F SUBJECTIVE MENTAL WORKLOAD 236
INTRODUCTION 236
DISSOCIATION I N SINGLE-TASK TRACKING 237
DISSOCIATION IN DUAL-TASK ENVIRONMENTS 238
DISSOCIATION CAUSED BY MOTIVATIONAL DIFFERENCES 244
GENERAL DISCUSSION 244
REFERENCES 245
CHAPTER 10. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN SUBJECTIVE ESTIMATES OF WORKLOAD 248
INTRODUCTION 248
PERSONALITY TRAITS AND BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS 249
RESPONSE STRATEGY 251
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN RESOURCE CAPACITY 251
DISCUSSION 252
REFERENCES 253
CHAPTER 11. THE EFFECT O F GENDER AND TIME O F DAY UPON T H E SUBJECTIVE ESTIMATE O F MENTAL WORKLOAD DURING T H E PERFORMANCE O F A SIMPLE TASK 256
ABSTRACT 256
INTRODUCTION 256
METHOD 257
RESULTS 258
DISCUSSION 262
REFERENCES 265
CHAPTER 12. AN ECLECTIC AND CRITICAL REVIEW O F FOUR PRIMARY MENTAL WORKLOAD ASSESSMENT METHODS: A GUIDE FOR DEVELOPING A COMPREHENSIVE MODEL 268
ABSTRACT 268
INTRODUCTION 268
REVIEW 269
EPILOGUE TO T H E DISCUSSION O F MENTAL WORKLOAD ASSESSMENT METHODS 276
REFERENCES 278
CHAPTER 13. THE EFFECTS O F INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION PROCESSING BEHAVIOR O N EXPERIENCING MENTAL WORKLOAD AND PERCEIVED TASK DIFFICULTY: A PRELIMINARY EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION 286
ABSTRACT 286
INTRODUCTION 286
DECISION STYLE MODEL 287
THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL AND METHOD 290
RESULTS 292
DISCCJSSI0N AND CONCLUSI0NS 298
REFERENCES 302
CHAPTER 14. FUZZY ANALYSIS OF SKILL AND RULE-BASED MANTAL WORKLOAD 306
INTRODUCTION 306
METHOD 308
RESULTS 311
DISCUSSION 317
REFERENCES 320
CHAPTER 15. TOWARD DEVELOPMENT O F A COHESIVE MODEL O F WORKLOAD 322
ABSTRACT 322
PRESENT STATUS O F MENTAL WORKLOAD THEORIES 322
COHESIVE MENTAL WORKLOAD MODEL AND CONCURRENT TASKS 325
CRITERIA FOR A COHESIVE WORKLOAD MODEL 326
REFERENCES 327
CHAPTER 16. IMPORTANT REMAINING ISSUES IN MENTAL WORKLOAD ESTIMATION 332
INTRODUCTION 332
THE IMPORTANCE O F MULTIPLE EXPERIMENTS 333
THE CONCEPT O F FULL MENTAL LOAD AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SYSTEM DESIGN 335
TASK ANALYTIC METHODS AND MOMENTARY WORKLOAD 337
WORKLOAD ESTIMATION BASED O N NORMAL OPERATING RECORDS 339
EFFECTS O F LEARNING AND PROFICIENCY O N WORKLOAD 340
REFERENCES 342
CHAPTER 17. A BIBLIOGRAPHIC LISTING O F MENTAL WORKLOAD RESEARCH 346
INTRODUCTION 346
RESOURCES USED TO CREATE T H E BIBLIOGRAPHIC LISTING 346
DESCRIPTION O F PUBLICATION SOURCES 347
PUBLICATION GROWTH 348
CONTENT AREA DECOMPOSITION O F BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST 1 N G 348
SUMMARY 349
REFERENCE LISTING 352

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 2.9.2011
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Allgemeine Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Test in der Psychologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-086706-5 / 0080867065
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-086706-9 / 9780080867069