Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science: Transportation (eBook)

Cynthia Barnhart, Gilbert Laporte (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF

2006 | 1. Auflage
796 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-046743-6 (ISBN)

Infos

Preface

Transportation sustains economic and social activity and is central to operations research and management science. When operations research emerged as a structured field during World War II, some of the first problems investigated arose from the need to optimize military logistics and transportation activities. After the war ended, the scope of operations research applications broadened but transportation problems always occupied a central place. It is now widely recognized that some of the most successful applications of operations research are encountered in transportation, most significantly in the airline industry where it underlies almost every aspect of strategic, tactical and operational planning. This success story may be explained by a number of factors, the first being the economic importance of transportation. Also, the complexity and large scale of transportation problems call for powerful analytical techniques, and the high volumes involved imply that substantial savings can often be achieved through the use of optimization. Furthermore, transportation problems are highly structured, making them amenable to the use of efficient solution methods based on network optimization techniques and mathematical programming.

This book contains eleven chapters describing some of the most recent methodological operations research developments in transportation. It is structured around the main transportation modes, and each chapter is written by a group of well-recognized researchers. Because of the major impact of operations research methods in the field of air transportation over the past forty years, it is befitting to open the book with a chapter on airline operations management. While many past publications have focused on airline strategic and tactical planning, Ball, Barnhart, Nemhauser and Odoni have chosen to address the organization and control of recovery operations in the event of disturbances. This line of research is relatively new and of major importance to the airline industry. The second chapter, by Desaulniers and Hickman, surveys the planning of public transit operations. The problems addressed and the methods employed in transit planning, for example those arising in network design, passenger assignment, scheduling, and fleet and crew assignment, are often similar to those of the airlines. The railway optimization chapter, by Caprara, Kroon, Monaci, Peeters and Toth, covers the realm of planning problems encountered in railway planning, with an emphasis on European passenger railways. Again, several of these issues are similar to those observed in other modes, but some problems are specific to the railway industry, such as train platforming, rolling stock circulation, and train unit shunting. The fourth chapter, by Christiansen, Fagerholt, Nygreen and Ronen, contains an extensive survey of maritime transportation problems, methods and applications. Compared with other modes, maritime transportation has received relatively little attention from operations researchers. Yet this field is rapidly expanding with the consolidation of major shipping companies and the development of large container ports.

The next three chapters cover a variety of planning problems arising in vehicle fleet management. The chapter by Powell, Bouzaiene-Ayari and Simao addresses truck transportation planning in contexts where information processes are dynamic. The focus is on the development of models that capture the flow of information and decisions. The vehicle routing chapter, by Cordeau, Laporte, Savelsbergh and Vigo, concerns what is arguably the most central problem in distribution management. It surveys several families of vehicle routing problems, including classical models, inventory routing, and stochastic routing. In the transportation on demand chapter, Cordeau, Laporte, Potvin and Savelsbergh consider the planning of pickup and delivery operations made at the request of users, such as those encountered in courier services, dial-a-ride operations, dial-a-flight systems, and ambulance fleet deployment.



The eighth chapter, by Crainic and Kim, is devoted to intermodal transportation and ties in some planning issues encountered in railway, maritime, and trucking operations. This chapter describes methodologies relevant to the solution of system design and operations planning problems from the perspective of a carrier, or from that of an intermodal transfer facility operator. It also addresses problems encountered at the regional or national level. The next chapter, by Erkut, Tjandra and Verter, concerns the transportation of hazardous materials and includes a broad description of the issues encountered in this field, as well as methodological contributions on risk assessment, routing and scheduling, and facility location.

The last two chapters of the book cover the area of automobile transportation. Marcotte and Patriksson first survey the broad field of traffic equilibrium. Their chapter contains a rich account of the main equilibrium concepts, as well as subproblems and mathematical algorithms encountered in this area. This chapter provides an informative bibliographical note at the end of each section. Finally, in the last chapter, Papageorgiou, Ben-Akiva, Bottom, Bovy, Hoogendoorn, Hounsell, Kotsialos and McDonald summarize some of the most important issues and recent developments encountered in ITS and traffic management. These include traffic flow models, route guidance and information systems, as well as urban and highway traffic control.

We are confident that this book will prove useful to researchers, students, and practitioners in transportation, and we hope it will stimulate further research in this rich and fascinating area. We are grateful to Jan Karel Lenstra and George L. Nemhauser who invited us to edit this volume. While the process took longer than we had expected, we found the experience highly rewarding. Our deep thanks go to all authors for the quality of their contributions, to the anonymous referees for their time, effort, and valuable suggestions, and to Gerard Wanrooy of Elsevier for his support.


Cynthia Barnhart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gilbert Laporte, HEC Montr?al

*Volume 14 examines transport and its relationship with operations and management science
*11 chapters cover the most recent research developments in transportation
*Focuses on main transportation modes-air travel, automobile, public transit, maritime transport, and more

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This book contains eleven chapters describing some of the most recent methodological operations research developments in transportation. It is structured around the main transportation modes, and each chapter is written by a group of well-recognized researchers. Because of the major impact of operations research methods in the field of air transportation over the past forty years, it is befitting to open the book with a chapter on airline operations management. This book will prove useful to researchers, students, and practitioners in transportation and will stimulate further research in this rich and fascinating area. - Volume 14 examines transport and its relationship with operations and management science- 11 chapters cover the most recent research developments in transportation- Focuses on main transportation modes-air travel, automobile, public transit, maritime transport, and more

Inhalt

Cover 1
Copyright page 5
Preface 6
Contents 10
Chapter 1 Air Transportation: Irregular Operations and Control 14
1 Introduction 14
2 Flow constraints in the infrastructure of commercial aviation 18
3 Restricting schedules 32
4 Air traffic flow management 36
5 Simulation models 51
6 Airline schedule recovery 53
7 Robust airline scheduling 63
8 Conclusions 73
Acknowledgements 74
References 74
Chapter 2 Public Transit 82
1 Introduction 82
2 Strategic planning 83
3 Tactical planning 99
4 Operational planning 107
5 Real-time control 125
6 Conclusion 133
References 133
Chapter 3 Passenger Railway Optimization 142
1 Introduction 142
2 Line planning 146
3 Train timetabling 154
4 Train platforming 163
5 Rolling stock circulation 167
6 Train unit shunting 180
7 Crew planning 185
8 Perspective 195
References 196
Chapter 4 Maritime Transportation 202
1 Introduction 202
2 Characteristics and terminology of maritime transportation 209
3 Strategic planning in maritime transportation 214
4 Tactical planning in maritime transportation 235
5 Operational planning 277
6 Robustness in maritime transportation 284
7 Perspectives and future research 289
8 Conclusion 292
Acknowledgements 293
References 293
Chapter 5 Dynamic Models for Freight Transportation 298
1 Introduction 298
2 Some illustrative applications 299
3 A resource model 302
4 Modeling exogenous information processes 309
5 Decisions 319
6 System dynamics 322
7 An optimization formulation 324
8 Algorithmic strategies 325
9 Approximating value functions in dynamic programming 343
10 The organization of information and decisions 351
11 Illustrative models 354
12 Perspectives on real-time problems 375
References 375
Chapter 6 Vehicle Routing 380
1 Introduction 380
2 The classical vehicle routing problem 381
3 The vehicle routing problem with time windows 398
4 The inventory routing problem 411
5 Stochastic vehicle routing problems 423
Acknowledgements 430
References 430
Chapter 7 Transportation on Demand 442
1 Introduction 442
2 The vehicle routing problem with pickup and delivery 444
3 The dial-a-ride problem 452
4 Urban courier service problems 458
5 The dial-a-flight problem 461
6 Ambulance fleet management 467
Acknowledgements 475
References 475
Chapter 8 Intermodal Transportation 480
1 Introduction 480
2 Freight transportation systems 482
3 System and service network design 491
4 Container fleet management 507
5 Models for seaport container terminal operations 514
6 Strategic planning of multimodal systems 533
7 Perspectives 539
Acknowledgements 542
References 542
Chapter 9 Hazardous Materials Transportation 552
1 Introduction 552
2 A high-level view of hazmat logistics research 557
3 Risk assessment 564
4 Routing and scheduling 593
5 Facility location and transportation 612
6 Synthesis and future research directions 618
Acknowledgements 623
References 624
Chapter 10 Traffic Equilibrium 636
1 Background 636
2 The basic theme 637
3 Variations 659
4 Solution algorithms: The basic problem 679
5 Solution algorithms: Variations 691
6 Optimization in a user equilibrium context 697
Appendix A: A primer on variational inequalities 715
Appendix B: A summary of key notations 719
References 719
Chapter 11 ITS and Traffic Management 728
1 Introduction 728
2 Traffic flow modeling 729
3 Route guidance and information systems 745
4 Urban network traffic control 756
5 Motorway traffic control 767
References 781
Subject index 788

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 8.12.2006
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Natur / Technik ► Fahrzeuge / Flugzeuge / Schiffe
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geografie / Kartografie
• Themenwelt: Recht / Steuern ► Wirtschaftsrecht
• Themenwelt: Technik
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Finanzierung
• Themenwelt: Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Spezielle Betriebswirtschaftslehre ► Bankbetriebslehre
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management ► Unternehmensführung / Management
• ISBN-10: 0-08-046743-1 / 0080467431
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-046743-6 / 9780080467436