Models of Seizures and Epilepsy (eBook)

Solomon L. Moshe, Asla Pitkanen, Philip A. Schwartzkroin (Herausgeber)

eBook Download: PDF | EPUB

2005 | 1. Auflage
712 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-045702-4 (ISBN)

Infos

An understanding of mechanisms underlying seizure disorders depends critically on the insights provided by model systems. In particular with the development of cellular, molecular, and genetic investigative tools, there has been an explosion of basic epilepsy research. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy brings together, for the first time in 30 years, an overview of the most widely-used models of seizures and epilepsy. Chapters cover a broad range of experimental approaches (from in vitro to whole animal preparations), a variety of epileptiform phenomenology (including burst discharges and seizures), and suggestions for model characterization and validation, such as electrographic, morphologic, pharmacologic, and behavioral features. Experts in the field provide not only technical reviews of these models but also conceptual critiques - commenting on the strengths and limitations of these models, their relationship to clinical phenomenology, and their value in developing a better understanding and treatments. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy is a valuable, practical reference for investigators who are searching for the most appropriate laboratory models for addressing key questions in the field. It also provides an important background for physicians, fellows, and students, offering insight into the potential for advances in epilepsy research.

? The first comprehensive description of animal models of epilepsy since the early 1970's

? Comprehensive analysis of What the models model to guide the selection of each model, and what specific questions it will answer

? Elegant examples of the use of novel technologies that can be applied in experimental epilepsy research

? World expert opinions on the clinical relevance of each model

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An understanding of mechanisms underlying seizure disorders depends critically on the insights provided by model systems. In particular with the development of cellular, molecular, and genetic investigative tools, there has been an explosion of basic epilepsy research. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy brings together, for the first time in 30 years, an overview of the most widely-used models of seizures and epilepsy. Chapters cover a broad range of experimental approaches (from in vitro to whole animal preparations), a variety of epileptiform phenomenology (including burst discharges and seizures), and suggestions for model characterization and validation, such as electrographic, morphologic, pharmacologic, and behavioral features. Experts in the field provide not only technical reviews of these models but also conceptual critiques - commenting on the strengths and limitations of these models, their relationship to clinical phenomenology, and their value in developing a better understanding and treatments. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy is a valuable, practical reference for investigators who are searching for the most appropriate laboratory models for addressing key questions in the field. It also provides an important background for physicians, fellows, and students, offering insight into the potential for advances in epilepsy research. The first comprehensive description of animal models of epilepsy since the early 1970's Comprehensive analysis of "e;What the models model"e; to guide the selection of each model, and what specific questions it will answer Elegant examples of the use of novel technologies that can be applied in experimental epilepsy research World expert opinions on the clinical relevance of each model

Inhalt

Table of Contents 7
Contributing Authors 11
Foreword 15
Preface 17
CHAPTER 1: What Should Be Modeled? 19
CHAPTER 2: Single Nerve Cells Acutely Dissociated from Animal and Human Brains for Studies of Epilepsy 33
CHAPTER 3: Cell Culture Models for Studying Epilepsy 41
CHAPTER 4: An Overview of In Vitro Seizure Models in Acute and Organotypic Slices 53
CHAPTER 5: The Use of Brain Slice Cultures for the Study of Epilepsy 63
CHAPTER 6: Hippocampal Slices: Designing and Interpreting Studies in Epilepsy Research 77
CHAPTER 7: Thalamic, Thalamocortical, and Corticocortical Models of Epilepsy with an Emphasis on Absence Seizures 91
CHAPTER 8: Studying Epilepsy in the Human Brain In Vitro 107
CHAPTER 9: In Vitro Isolated Guinea Pig Brain 121
CHAPTER 10: Pharmacologic Models of Generalized Absence Seizures in Rodents 129
CHAPTER 11: Models of Chemically-Induced Acute Seizures 145
CHAPTER 12: Electrical Stimulation-Induced Models of Seizures 171
CHAPTER 13: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures 179
CHAPTER 14: Alumina Gel Injection Models of Epilepsy in Monkeys 197
CHAPTER 15: Modeling Epilepsy and Seizures in Developing Zebrafish Larvae 207
CHAPTER 16: Transgenic and Gene Replacement Models of Epilepsy: Targeting Ion Channel and Neurotransmission Pathways in Mice 217
CHAPTER 17: Spontaneous Epileptic Mutations in the Mouse 241
CHAPTER 18: Genetic Models of Absence Epilepsy in the Rat 251
CHAPTER 19: Models with Spontaneous Seizures and Developmental Disruption of Genetic Etiology 267
CHAPTER 20: Mammalian Models of Genetic Epilepsy Characterized by Sensory-Evoked Seizures and Generalized Seizure Susceptibil 279
CHAPTER 21: Inherited Epilepsy in Mongolian Gerbils 291
CHAPTER 22: The Cortical Freeze Lesion Model 313
CHAPTER 23: MAM and Other “Lesion” Models of Developmental Epilepsy 323
CHAPTER 24: In Utero Irradiation as a Model of Cortical Dysplasia 333
CHAPTER 25: Modeling Hypoxia-Induced Seizures and Hypoxic Encephalopathy in the Neonatal Period 341
CHAPTER 26: Complex Febrile Seizures—An Experimental Model in Immature Rodents 351
CHAPTER 27: Repetitive Seizures in the Immature Brain* 359
CHAPTER 28: The Kindling Phenomenon 369
CHAPTER 29: Kindling Kittens and Cats 383
CHAPTER 30: Electrical Kindling in Developing Rats 389
CHAPTER 31: Chemical Kindling 397
CHAPTER 32: Kindling, Spontaneous Seizures, and the Consequences of Epilepsy: More Than a Model 413
CHAPTER 33: Tetanus Toxin Model of Focal Epilepsy 425
CHAPTER 34: Kainate-Induced Status Epilepticus: A Chronic Model of Acquired Epilepsy 433
CHAPTER 35: The Pilocarpine Model of Seizures 451
CHAPTER 36: Status Epilepticus: Electrical Stimulation Models 467
CHAPTER 37: Posttraumatic Epilepsy Induced by Lateral Fluid-Percussion Brain Injury in Rats 483
CHAPTER 38: Chronic Partial Cortical Isolation 495
CHAPTER 39: Head Trauma: Hemorrhage-Iron Deposition 513
CHAPTER 40: Stroke 519
CHAPTER 41: Models Available for Infection-Induced Seizures 539
CHAPTER 42: Brain Tumor and Epilepsy: A New Neurophysiologic and Neuropathologic Ex Vivo In Vitro Model 545
CHAPTER 43: An Animal Model of Rasmussen’s Encephalitis 553
CHAPTER 44: Therapeutic Assays for the Identification and Characterization of Antiepileptic and Antiepileptogenic Drugs 557
CHAPTER 45: Animal Models of Drug-Refractory Epilepsy 569
CHAPTER 46: Monitoring for Seizures in Rodents 587
CHAPTER 47: Imaging Approaches in Small Animal Models 601
CHAPTER 48: Behavioral Characterization of Seizures in Rats 619
CHAPTER 49: Behavioral and Cognitive Testing Procedures in Animal Models of Epilepsy 631
CHAPTER 50: Morphologic Approaches to the Characterization of Epilepsy Models 647
CHAPTER 51: Animal Model Development Based on the Human Epilepsies: Which Causes and Syndromes Should Be Modeled? 671
CHAPTER 52: What Good Are Animal Models? 677
Index 687

Textauszug

Contributing Authors

Massimo Avoli

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Roy A. Bakay

Department of Neurological Surgery, Chicago Institute of Neurosurgery and Neuroresearch, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center, Chicago, IL

Scott C. Baraban

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

Tallie Z. Baram

Departments of Pediatrics and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA

Stefania Bassanini

National Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy

Giorgio Battaglia

National Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy

Christophe Bernard

INMED-INSERM U29, Marseilles, France

Edward H. Bertram

Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA

Ronald A. Browning

Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL

Paul S. Buckmaster

Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Daniel L. Burgess

Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

Thomas Budde

Institut fur Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat, Universitatsklinikum, Magdeburg, Germany

Xiang Cai

Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD

Esper A. Cavalheiro

Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Laboratorio de Neurologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Wei-Ping Chen

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY

Suzanne Clark

Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO

Miguel A. Cortez

Department of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Marco de Curtis

Department of Experimental Neurophysiology, Instituto Nazionale Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy

Antoine Depaulis

Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France

Marc A. Dichter

Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

Céline Dinocourt

Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD

Céliné M. Dubé

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA

F. Edward Dudek

Department of Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT

Jerome Engel, Jr.

Reed Neurological Research Center, Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA

Aristea S. Galanopoulou

Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY

Mary E. Gilbert

Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC

Jeffrey H. Goodman

Center for Neural Recovery and Rehabilitation Research, Helen Hayes Hospital, West Haverstraw, NY

Ali Gorji

Institut fur Physiologie, Universitat Munster, Munster, Germany

Heidi Grabenstatter

Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO

Kevin D. Graber

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Uwe Heinemann

Institute of Neurophysiology, Charite, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

Gregory L. Holmes

Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH

John R. Huguenard

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

John G.R. Jefferys

Department of Neurophysiology, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Frances E. Jensen

Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

Phillip C. Jobe

Biomedical and Therapeutic Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL

Oliver Kann

Institute of Neurophysiology, Charite, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany

Kevin M. Kelly

Department of Neurology, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA

Irina Kharatishvilli

Department of Neurobiology, AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Science, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

Rüdiger Köhling

University of Rostock, Institute of Physiology, Rostock, Germany

Hana Kubová

Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic

Sanjay S. Kumar

Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

João P. Leite

Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Laura Librizzi

Department of Experimental Neurophysiology, Instituto Nazionale Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy

Dean D. Lin

Brain Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL

Wolfgang Löscher

Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Pharmacy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany

Joseph J. LoTurco

Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT

Heiko J. Luhmann

Institut fur Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Johannes-Gutenberg-Mainz Universitat, Mainz, Germany

Gilles van Luijtelaar

Department of Biological Psychology, Radboud University of Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Pavel Mareš

Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic

Gary W. Mathern

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

Andrey M. Mazarati

University of California Los Angeles, West Los Angeles VA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA

Tracy K. McIntosh

Traumatic Brain Injury Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Dan C. McIntyre

Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

James O. McNamara

Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

Luiz E. Mello

Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Solomon L. Moshé

Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY

Maria G. Naffah-Mazzacoratti

Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), Laboratorio de Neurologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Astrid Nehlig

Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

Prosper N’Gouemo

Department of Pharmacology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC

Jari Nissinen

Department of Neurobiology, AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

Jeffrey L. Noebels

Developmental Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

Michael W. Nestor

Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD

Andre Obenaus

Department of Radiation Medicine, Radiobiology Program, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA

Jeffrey Ockuly

Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI

Hans-Christian Pape

Institut fur Physiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat, Universitatsklinikum, Magdeburg, Germany

Asla Pitkänen

Department of Neurobiology, AI Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland

John Pollard

Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA

David A. Prince

Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Dominick P. Purpura

Dean, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY

Raddy L. Ramos

Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT

Charles E. Ribak

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA

Michael A. Rogawski

Epilepsy Research Section, Porter Neuroscience Research...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 4.10.2005
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Klinische Psychologie
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie
• ISBN-10: 0-08-045702-9 / 0080457029
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-045702-4 / 9780080457024