Hydrogen Energy (eBook)

Principles and Applications

Vincent J. DelGatto, Louis Theodore, R. Ryan Dupont, Matthew C. Ogwu (Autoren)

eBook Download: EPUB

2025 | 1. Auflage
416 Seiten
Wiley (Verlag)
978-1-394-17228-3 (ISBN)

Infos

Understand hydrogen as an energy resource and its potential as a dynamic solution for a carbon-neutral economy

Hydrogen is an energy carrier that can be used to store, move, and deliver energy produced from other sources. It has the potential for high energy efficiency, significant environmental and social benefits, and economic competitiveness. Traditional energy resources will not be able to meet the growing energy demand, despite the advances in energy management and energy conservation-understanding how hydrogen energy can solve this problem is crucial.

Hydrogen Energy: Principles and Applications provides the information needed by energy resource planners, scientists, engineers, and government officials to make informed energy-related decisions. Divided into three parts, the book opens with an introduction to various energy issues, sources, and regulations, including the basics of thermodynamics and fuel cells. The second part addresses the practical aspects of hydrogen energy, such as availability, distribution, extraction, processing, purification, transportation, transmission, and storage. The final section details the economics, energy-environmental interactions, and ethical and political considerations of the development and use of hydrogen energy, including discussion of investment and business contacts, energy option analysis and optimization, and future prospects.

Covering the fundamentals of hydrogen energy with a thorough and accessible approach, the book:

• Equips readers with a well-rounded working knowledge of hydrogen energy
• Covers the latest technological advances, economic considerations, and the role hydrogen plays in a renewable energy economy
• Offers a pragmatic, real-world perspective rather than focusing on theoretical issues
• Contains nearly 50 illustrative examples ranging from elementary thermodynamic calculations to optimization applications using linear programming

Hydrogen Energy: Principles and Applications is a must-read for those working in the energy industry, particularly environmental engineering and science professionals, as well as government officials, policymakers, instructors, and trainers involved in energy-related fields.

Vincent J. DelGatto, M.Eng. PE, is recent Chair of the IEEE NY Power and Energy and Industrial Applications Societies and co-author of the IEEE-USA Energy Policy Committee 'National Energy Policy Recommendations.' His experience spans over 40 years in the electric power industry and academia. His work at Con Edison and GE focused on high voltage electromagnetic fields, cost analysis and safety of shared transmission right of way for electric and gas pipelines. He currently consults on the Levelized Full System Costs of Electricity.

Louis Theodore, Eng.Sc.D., is a retired Professor of Chemical Engineering, having taught for 50 years at Manhattan College. He is the author of several publications, including Fluid Flow for the Practicing Chemical Engineer, Thermodynamics for the Practicing Engineer, Mass Transfer Operations for the Practicing Engineer, Air Pollution Control Equipment Calculations, and Pollution Prevention.

R. Ryan Dupont, Ph.D., is Cazier Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Utah State University and Research Associate at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. He is a Life Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and the author of many research publications and books, including Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies, Water Resource Management Issues: Basic Principles and Applications, and Unit Operations in Environmental Engineering.

Matthew C. Ogwu, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Goodnight Family Sustainable Development Department at Appalachian State University. He is an interdisciplinary academic with transdisciplinary skills and diverse convergence research interests pertinent to the assessment of coupled human and natural as well as socio-ecological systems and has numerous awards, research grants, and scholarships to his name. Dr. Ogwu serves on the board of and as a reviewer for many peer-reviewed journals. He continues to volunteer his time and skills to promote sustainable development.

Textauszug

1
Glossary of Key Energy Terms

1.1 Introduction

This first chapter of the book provides the definition of hundreds of terms in use throughout the energy field, particularly as they apply to hydrogen. As one might suppose, the reader is primarily introduced to energy and energy‐related terms. As noted in the Preface, this book is concerned with hydrogen energy and as such, this chapter primarily addresses terms related to this topic. Thus, this chapter may be used whenever and wherever information is needed about words and/or terms in the hydrogen energy field.

Some additional points regarding this glossary that deserve mention are presented below:

1. Each definition is presented in nontechnical jargon.
2. Where necessary, common scientific and engineering units have been included.
3. A conscious attempt was made to only include terms that are often used in practice.
4. Only one spelling is used for words with multiple accepted spellings but with shared meaning.
5. Different terms with the same meaning are cross‐referenced by using the wording “see also”.
6. Important acronyms are also included in the chapter.

This chapter defines many but not all of the terms that the reader will encounter in this book. The following list is therefore not exhaustive as a complete index of the book or glossary of all the terms that appear in the energy field. Finally, the purpose of this chapter is to explain the meanings of technical terms that may be unfamiliar to the reader. Definitions given here are for the purposes of this text and are not necessarily complete or exhaustive. Words or phrases included here are those for which there may be some confusion as to the meaning intended.

Section titles for this energy glossary chapter are presented below:

1. 1.1 Introduction
2. 1.2 Importance of Energy Literacy
3. 1.3 Glossary
4. 1.4 Symbols and Acronyms
5. References

1.2 Importance of Energy Literacy

Why a glossary chapter? A good question. The answer? For some readers, this chapter might be the most important one in the book. Understanding energy and energy‐related words and terms can motivate some individuals and prepare others to understand the roles (sustainable) energy plays in their lives. Hence, some people will refer to this chapter as “energy literature” of sorts. Informed individuals on energy topics:

1. Can trace energy flow and flow patterns and think in terms of energy systems and sustainability.
2. Know about their energy usage in terms of the amounts, for what, and where that energy originates from.
3. Can purposefully assess the credibility of energy information, regulations, and policies and decisions about sustainable energy futures.
4. Can communicate generally about energy sources and usage in meaningful ways.
5. Can make informed energy‐related decisions based on an understanding of impacts and consequences.
6. Continues to learn about energy.

Thus, energy‐related understanding can also help:

1. Lead to more informed decisions
2. Improve the security of a nation
3. Promote economic development
4. Lead to sustainable energy use
5. Reduce environmental risks and negative impacts
6. Help individuals and organizations save/make money

Without this information, individuals and communities will have difficulty making informed decisions on topics including sustainable or smart energy use at home, consumer choices, and national and international energy regulations and policies. Energy education should begin with basic energy literacy connected with the most frequently used terminologies.

Finally, the bulk of the material in this chapter was drawn from the earlier work of Theodore, Reynolds, and Morris (1997), as well as others (Holmes, Singh, and Theodore 1993; Theodore, Ricci and VanVlet 2007; Skipka and Theodore 2014; Dupont, Ganesan, and Theodore 2016; Theodore and Theodore 2021).

1.3 Glossary

• Above ground tank – any tank or other container, the volume of which is completely above the plane of the adjacent surrounding surface, and whose surface can be visually inspected.
• Absolute humidity – the amount of water vapor present in a unit mass of air, usually expressed in kilograms of water vapor per kilogram of dry air or pounds of water vapor per pound of dry air.
• Absolute pressure – the actual pressure exerted on a surface that is measured relative to zero pressure; it equals the gauge pressure plus the atmospheric pressure.
• Absolute temperature – the temperature expressed in Kelvin (K) or degrees Rankine (°R).
• Absolute temperature scale – a scale (e.g., K, °R) in which temperatures are measured relative to absolute zero.
• Absolute vacuum – a void that is completely empty of matter.
• Absolute zero – the temperature of zero on either the Kelvin or Rankine scale at which molecular motion is thought to cease.
• Absorbate – a substance that is taken up and retained by an absorbent.
• Absorbent –any substance that takes in or absorbs other substances.
• Absorber – a device in which a gas is absorbed by contact with a liquid.
• Absorption – the process in which one material (the absorbent) takes up and retains another (the absorbate) to form a homogenous solution; it often involves the use of a liquid to remove certain gas components from a gaseous mixture.
• Absorption tower –a vertical tube in which a rising gas is partially absorbed by a liquid in the form of falling droplets.
• Acceleration – the rate of change of velocity with time, ft/s2.
• Acceleration due to gravity – the acceleration of a free‐falling body in a vacuum under the influence of gravity; on Earth, this value is taken as 32.2 ft/s2 or 9.8 m/s2.
• Accident – an unexpected, undesirable event that is caused by the presence of a hazard and adversely affects humans and/or the environment.
• Accuracy – the measure of agreement between a measured value and an accepted or true value; it is expressed as the percentage difference between the true and measured values relative to the true value.
• Acetogen – a microorganism involved in the anaerobic transformation of organic matter to methane during biogas production.
• ACFM – see actual cubic feet per minute.
• Acid – a material containing hydrogen that produces at least one hydrogen ion when dissolved in a water solution; it can react with and neutralized by a base to form a sault.
• Acid dew point – the dew point of flue gases that contain any significant quantity of sulfur trioxide, SO3; this temperature is generally 300°F.
• Activated alumina – a highly porous, granular form of aluminum oxide with absorptivity for moisture and odor contained in gases and some liquids.
• Activated carbon – a highly adsorbent, amorphous form of carbon employed to remove odors, gaseous pollutants, and toxic substances from gaseous emissions or to remove dissolved organic material from wastewater.
• Activated sludge – a suspension of aerobic microorganisms with the ability to remove polluting material from a stream of wastewater.
• Activation energy – the minimum amount of energy that a molecule must require before it can be regarded as being activated (i.e., able to undergo a reaction).
• Actual cubic feet per minute (acfm) – a unit of flow rate measured under actual pressure and temperature conditions.
• Additives – specialty chemicals incorporated into fuels and lubricants that enhance the performance of the finished product.
• Adiabatic – a term used to describe a system in which no gain or loss of heat is allowed to occur.
• Adiabatic flame temperature – the maximum temperature that a combustion system can reach.
• Adiabatic process – a process in which there is no transfer of heat across the system boundary.
• Adiabatic temperature – the temperature attained by a reaction undergoing a volume or pressure change in which no heat enters or leaves the system.
• Adsorbent – a substance (e.g., activated carbon, activated alumina and silica gel) that can condense or hold molecules of other substances on its surface.
• Adsorber – an apparatus in which molecules of gas or liquid are captured by a solid.
• Adsorption – the physical or chemical bonding of molecules of gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to the external or internal (if porous) surface of a solid; it is an advanced method of treating waste that is employed to remove odor, color, or organic matter from a system.
• Advanced wastewater treatment – any process that is employed for the treatment of wastewater that follows other physical, chemical, or biological treatment and serves to improve the quality of effluent prior to reuse or discharge; this includes charged helium nucleus
• nutrients, suspended solids, nonbiodegradable organics, etc.
• Aerobic digestion – the breakdown of suspended and...

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 3.1.2025
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Schlagworte: Hydrogen Energy • Hydrogen Energy Applications • hydrogen energy economics • hydrogen energy examples • hydrogen energy fundamentals • hydrogen energy introduction • hydrogen energy issues • hydrogen energy policy • hydrogen energy principles
• ISBN-10: 1-394-17228-1 / 1394172281
• ISBN-13: 978-1-394-17228-3 / 9781394172283