Industrial Neuroscience in Aviation (eBook)

Evaluation of Mental States in Aviation Personnel

Gianluca Borghini, Pietro Aricò, Gianluca Di Flumeri, Fabio Babiloni (Autoren)

eBook Download: PDF

2017 | 1st ed. 2017
XIII, 147 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-58598-7 (ISBN)

Infos

This book discusses the emerging field of industrial neuroscience, and reports on the authors' cutting-edge findings in the evaluation of mental states, including mental workload, cognitive control and training of personnel involved either in the piloting of aircraft and helicopters, or in managing air traffic. It encompasses neuroimaging and cognitive psychology techniques and shows how they have been successfully applied in the evaluation of human performance and human-machine interactions, and to guarantee a proper level of safety in such operational contexts. With an introduction to the most relevant concepts of neuroscience, neurophysiological techniques, simulators and case studies in aviation environments, it is a must-have for both students and scientists in the field of aeronautic and biomedical engineering, as well as for various professionals in the aviation world. This is the first book to intensively apply neurosciences to the evaluation of human factors and mental states in aviation.

Inhalt

Preface 6
Contents 8
Abbreviations 10
List of Tables 13
1 Introduction 14
References 20
2 Preliminary Concepts 25
2.1 Nervous System 25
2.1.1 Basic Neurophysiology 31
2.1.2 EEG Generation 34
References 38
3 Mental States in Aviation 40
3.1 Aviation Medicine Hystory 40
3.2 Mental Workload 41
3.3 Cognitive Control Behavior 47
3.4 Training 52
3.5 Crew Resourses Management 57
References 58
4 Cognitive Processes 68
4.1 Working Memory 68
4.2 Attention 70
4.3 Decision-Making 72
4.4 Procedural Memory 74
References 76
5 Simulators 82
5.1 Simulators 82
5.2 NASA—Multi Attribute Task Battery (MATB) 82
5.3 ATM Environment 84
5.4 Flight Simulators 88
References 92
6 Neurophysiological Signals Processing 93
6.1 EEG Analysis 93
6.2 Estimation of Brain Cortical Sources Current Density 95
6.3 Generation of the Regions of Interest (ROIs) 96
6.4 EEG-Based Mental Workload Index (WEEG) 97
6.5 Inter-brain Connections 98
6.5.1 Coherence (COH) 98
6.5.2 Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) 99
6.5.3 Phase Locking Value (PLV) 99
6.6 Autonomic Data Analysis 100
6.7 Machine Learning 101
6.7.1 Supervised Learning Systems 103
6.7.2 Unsupervised Learning Systems 103
6.7.3 Reinforcement Learning System 104
6.7.4 Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) 107
6.7.5 Stepwise Linear Discriminant Analysis (SWLDA) 108
6.7.6 Automatic-Stop SWLDA (asSWLDA) 109
6.7.6.1 asSWLDA Over-Time Stability 112
6.7.6.2 Mental Workload Discrimination 113
6.7.6.3 Discussion and Conclusions 114
6.8 Self-reported Questionnaires 114
6.8.1 NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) 114
6.8.2 Instantaneous Self Assessment (ISA) 115
References 118
7 Applications 124
7.1 Mental Workload Evaluation 124
7.1.1 Air Traffic Controllers’ Mental Workload Evaluation 124
7.1.2 Mental Workload and CRM Evaluation in Commercial Fligths 128
7.1.3 Military Pilots Comparison from a Cognitive Perspective 131
7.1.4 Mental Workload Evaluation in Real Flights 134
7.1.5 Neuroergonomics: Avionic Technologies Testing 136
7.2 Training Assessment 139
7.3 Expertise Estimation of Professional ATCOs 146
References 151
8 General Conclusions 153
References 155

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.5.2017
• Reihe/Serie: Biosystems & Biorobotics
• Reihe/Serie: Biosystems & Biorobotics
• Zusatzinfo: XIII, 147 p. 44 illus., 39 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Geisteswissenschaften
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Luft- / Raumfahrttechnik
• Themenwelt: Wirtschaft ► Betriebswirtschaft / Management
• Schlagworte: Accidents in aviation • adaptive automation • Air Traffic Management • ATM simulation • augmented cognition • Cognitive Control • flight simulators • Human Error • Human factors in aviation • Human-machine systems • mental states • Mental workload assessment • Neurophysiological signals in aircraft • Quality Control, Reliability, Safety and Risk • task performance
• ISBN-10: 3-319-58598-3 / 3319585983
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-58598-7 / 9783319585987