Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings, 12e with Wiley E-Text Card and Interactive Resource Center Access Card
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The Interactive Resource Center is an online learning environment where instructors and students can access the tools they need to make efficient use of their time, while reinforcing and assessing their understanding of key concepts for successful understanding of the course. An access card with redemption code for the online Interactive Resource Center is included with all new, print copies or can be purchased separately. (***If you rent or purchase a used book with an access code, the access code may have been redeemed previously and you may have to purchase a new access code ISBN: 978111899616-4).
The online Interactive Resource Center contains resources tied to the book, such as:
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Instructor’s Manual (over 200 pages) including additional resources (Instructors only)
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With over 2,200 drawings and photographs—more than 300 of them new to this edition—Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings covers basic theory, preliminary building design guidelines, and detailed design procedures for buildings of all sizes, and also provides information on the latest technologies, emerging design trends, and updated codes. In addition, the companion web site includes over 30 Interactive Animations, new case studies, a test bank in Respondus, and Instructor’s Manual.
Walter W. Piegorsch, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA is the current Editor-in-Chief of the journal Environmetrics and a previous Chairman of the American Statistical Association Section on Statistics and the Environment. Piegorsch is also an elected member of the International Statistical Institute and a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. He previously served as Joint-Editor of the Journal of the American Statistical Association and on the Board of Scientific Counselors for the U.S. National Toxicology Program.
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xix
PART I THE BUILDING DESIGN CONTEXT
Chapter 1 DESIGN PROCESS
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Design Intent
1.3 Design Criteria
1.4 Methods and Tools
1.5 Validation and Evaluation
1.6 Influences on the Design Process
1.7 A Philosophy of Design
1.8 Lessons from the Field
1.9 Case Study—Design Process
Chapter 2 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Energy
2.3 Water
2.4 Materials
2.5 Design Challenges
2.6 How Are We Doing?
2.7 Case Study—Design Process and Environmental Resources
Chapter 3 SITES AND RESOURCES
3.1 Climates
3.2 Climates within Climates
3.3 Buildings and Sites
3.4 Analyzing the Site
3.5 Site Design Strategies
3.6 Direct Sun and Daylight
3.7 Sound and Airflow
3.8 Rain and Groundwater
3.9 Plants
3.10 Case Study—Site and Resource Design
PART II DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS
Chapter 4 THERMAL COMFORT
4.1 The Body and Heat
4.2 Psychrometry
4.3 Thermal Comfort
Chapter 5 INDOOR AIR QUALITY
5.1 Indoor Air Quality and Building Design
5.2 Pollutant Sources and Impacts
5.3 Predicting Indoor Air Quality
5.4 Zoning for IAQ
5.5 Passive and Low-Energy Approaches for Control of IAQ
5.6 Active Approaches for Control of IAQ
5.7 IAQ, Materials, and Health
Chapter 6 SOLAR GEOMETRY AND SHADING DEVICES
6.1 The Sun and Its Position
6.2 Solar versus Clock Time
6.3 True South and Magnetic Deviation
6.4 Sunpath Projections
6.5 Shading
6.6 Shadow Angles and Shading Masks
Chapter 7 HEAT FLOW
7.1 The Building Envelope
7.2 Building Envelope Design Intentions
7.3 Sensible Heat Flow through Opaque Walls and Roofs
7.4 Latent Heat Flow through the Opaque Envelope
7.5 Heat Flow through Transparent/Translucent Elements
7.6 Trends in Envelope Thermal Performance
7.7 Heat Flow via Air Movement
7.8 Calculating Envelope Heat Flows
7.9 Envelope Thermal Design Standards
7.10 Case Study—Heat Flow and Envelope Design
PART III PASSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Chapter 8 DAYLIGHTING
8.1 The Daylighting Opportunity
8.2 Human Factors in Daylighting Design
8.3 Site Strategies for Daylighting Buildings
8.4 Aperture Strategies: Sidelighting
8.5 Aperture Strategies: Toplighting
8.6 Specialized Daylighting Strategies
8.7 Basic Characteristics of Light Sources
8.8 Selecting an Appropriate Light Source
8.9 Characteristics of Daylight
8.10 Standard Overcast Sky
8.11 Clear Sky
8.12 Partly Cloudy Sky
8.13 Daylight Factor
8.14 Components of Daylight
8.15 Guidelines for Preliminary Daylighting Design
8.16 Design Analysis Methods
8.17 Daylighting Simulation Programs
8.18 Physical Modeling
8.19 Recapping Daylighting
8.20 Case Study—Daylighting Design
Chapter 9 PASSIVE HEATING
9.1 Brief History
9.2 Design Strategies for Heating
9.3 Guidelines: Passive Solar Heating
9.4 Calculating Worst-Hourly Heat Loss
9.5 Calculations for Heating-Season Fuel Consumption (Conventional Buildings)
9.6 Detailed Calculations: Passive Heating Performance
9.7 Case Study—Designing for Passive Heating
Chapter 10 PASSIVE COOLING
10.1 Brief History
10.2 Design Strategies for Cooling
10.3 Summer Heat Gain Guidelines
10.4 Passive Cooling Guidelines
10.5 Reintegrating Daylighting, Passive Solar Heating, and Cooling
10.6 Approximate Method for Calculating Heat Gain (Cooling Load)
10.7 Detailed Hourly Heat Gain (Cooling Load) Calculations
10.8 Detailed Calculations: Passive Cooling Performance
Chapter 11 INTEGRATING PASSIVE SYSTEMS
11.1 Organizing the Design Problem
11.2 Combining Strategies
11.3 Project Performance
11.4 Project Summary
11.5 Case Study—Designing for Passive Heating and Cooling
PART IV ACTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Chapter 12 ACTIVE CLIMATE CONTROL
12.1 Introduction
12.2 History and Context
12.3 Relevant Codes and Standards
12.4 Fundamentals
HVAC Components
12.5 Source Components: Heat
12.6 Heating Equipment
12.7 Source Components: Coolth
12.8 Cooling Equipment
12.9 Distribution Components: Air
12.10 Distribution Components: Water
12.11 Air Delivery
12.12 Water Delivery
12.13 Air Filters
12.14 Controls
HVAC Systems
12.15 HVAC Systems Taxonomy
12.16 HVAC Systems Anatomy
12.17 HVAC Systems for Small Buildings
12.18 HVAC Systems for Large Buildings
12.19 Trends in HVAC Systems Design
12.20 Energy Efficiency Equipment and Systems
12.21 Case Study—Active Climate Control Systems
Chapter 13 LIGHTING FUNDAMENTALS
13.1 Introductory Remarks
Physics of Light
13.2 Light as Radiant Energy
13.3 Transmittance and Reflectance
13.4 Terminology and Definitions
13.5 Luminous Intensity
13.6 Luminous Flux
13.7 Illuminance
13.8 Luminance, Exitance, and Brightness
13.9 Illuminance Measurement
13.10 Luminance Measurement
13.11 Reflectance Measurements
13.12 Inverse Square Law
13.13 Luminous Intensity: Candela Measurements
13.14 Intensity Distribution Curves
Light and Sight
13.15 The Eye
13.16 Factors in Visual Acuity
13.17 Size of the Visual Object
13.18 Subjective Brightness
13.19 Contrast and Adaptation
13.20 Exposure Time
13.21 Secondary Task-Related Factors
13.22 Observer-Related Visibility Factors
13.23 The Aging Eye
Quantity of Light
13.24 Illuminance Levels
13.25 Illuminance Category
13.26 Illuminance Recommendations
Quality of Lighting
13.27 Considerations of Lighting Quality
13.28 Direct (Discomfort) Glare
13.29 Veiling Reflections and Reflected Glare
13.30 Equivalent Spherical Illumination and Relative Visual Performance
13.31 Control of Reflected Glare
13.32 Luminance Ratios
13.33 Patterns of Luminance: Subjective Reactions to Lighting
Fundamentals of Color
13.34 Color Temperature
13.35 Object Color
13.36 Reactions to Color
13.37 Chromaticity
13.38 Spectral Distribution of Light Sources
13.39 Color Rendering Index
Chapter 14 ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES
14.1 The Incandescent Filament Lamp
14.2 Special Incandescent Lamps
14.3 Tungsten–Halogen (Quartz–Iodine) Lamps
14.4 Tungsten–Halogen Lamp Types
Gaseous Discharge Lamps
14.5 Ballasts
Fluorescent Lamps
14.6 Fluorescent Lamp Construction
14.7 Fluorescent Lamp Labels
14.8 Fluorescent Lamp Types
14.9 Characteristics of Fluorescent Lamp Operation
14.10 Federal Standards for Fluorescent Lamps
14.11 Special Fluorescent Lamps
14.12 Compact Fluorescent Lamps
High-Intensity Discharge Lamps
14.13 Mercury Vapor Lamps
14.14 Metal–Halide Lamps
14.15 Sodium Vapor Lamps
14.16 Low-Pressure Sodium Lamps
Solid State Lighting
14.17 Light-Emitting Diodes
14.18 Induction Lamps
14.19 Sulfur Lamps
14.20 Fiber Optics
Chapter 15 LIGHTING DESIGN PROCESS
15.1 General Information
15.2 Goals of Lighting Design
15.3 Lighting Design Procedure
15.4 Cost Factors
15.5 Power Budgets
15.6 Task Analysis
15.7 Energy Considerations
15.8 Preliminary Design
15.9 Illumination Methods
15.10 Types of Lighting Systems
15.11 Indirect Lighting
15.12 Semi-Indirect Lighting
15.13 Direct–Indirect and General Diffuse Lighting
15.14 Semi-Direct Lighting
15.15 Direct Lighting
15.16 Size and Pattern of Luminaires
15.17 Other Design Considerations
Chapter 16 ELECTRIC LIGHTING DESIGN
Luminaires
16.1 Design Considerations
16.2 Lighting Fixture Distribution Characteristics
16.3 Luminaire Light Control
16.4 Luminaire Diffusers
16.5 Uniformity of Illumination
16.6 Luminaire Mounting Height
16.7 Lighting Fixtures
16.8 Lighting Fixture Construction
16.9 Lighting Fixture Structural Support
16.10 Lighting Fixture Appraisal
16.11 Luminaire–Room System Efficiency: Coefficient of Utilization
16.12 Luminaire Efficacy Rating
Lighting Control
16.13 Requirement for Lighting Control
16.14 Lighting Control: Switching
16.15 Lighting Control: Dimming
16.16 Lighting Control: Control Initiation
16.17 Lighting Control Strategy
Detailed Design Procedures
16.18 Calculation of Average Illuminance
16.19 Calculation of Horizontal Illuminance by the Lumen (Flux) Method
16.20 Calculation of Light Loss Factor
16.21 Determination of the Coefficient of Utilization by the Zonal Cavity Method
16.22 Zonal Cavity Calculations: Illustrative Examples
16.23 Zonal Cavity Calculation by Approximation
16.24 Effect of Cavity Reflectances on Illuminance
16.25 Modular Lighting Design
16.26 Calculating Illuminance at a Point
16.27 Design Aids
16.28 Calculating Illuminance from a Point Source
16.29 Calculating Illuminance from Linear and Area Sources
16.30 Computer-Aided Lighting Design
16.31 Average Luminance Calculations
Evaluation
16.32 Lighting Design Evaluation
Chapter 17 ELECTRIC LIGHTING APPLICATIONS
17.1 Introduction
Residential Occupancies
17.2 Residential Lighting: General Information
17.3 Residential Lighting: Energy Issues
17.4 Residential Lighting Sources
17.5 Residential Lighting: Design Suggestions
17.6 Residential Lighting: Luminaires and Architectural Lighting Elements
17.7 Residential Lighting: Control
Educational Facilities
17.8 Institutional and Educational Buildings
17.9 General Classrooms
17.10 Special-Purpose Classrooms
17.11 Assembly Rooms, Auditoriums, and Multipurpose Spaces
17.12 Gymnasium Lighting
17.13 Lecture Hall Lighting
17.14 Laboratory Lighting
17.15 Library Lighting
17.16 Special Areas
17.17 Other Considerations in School Lighting
Commercial Interiors
17.18 Office Lighting: General Information
17.19 Lighting for Areas with Visual Digital Displays
17.20 Office Lighting Guidelines
17.21 Task-Ambient Office Lighting Design Using Ceiling-Mounted Units
17.22 Task-Ambient Office Lighting Using Furniture-Integrated Luminaires
17.23 Integrated and Modular Ceilings
17.24 Lighting and Air Conditioning
Industrial Lighting
17.25 General Information
17.26 Levels and Sources
17.27 Industrial Luminance Ratios
17.28 Industrial Lighting Glare
17.29 Industrial Lighting Equipment
17.30 Vertical-Surface Illumination
Special Lighting Application Topics
17.31 Emergency Lighting
17.32 Floodlighting
17.33 Street Lighting
17.34 Light Pollution
17.35 Remote-Source Lighting
17.36 Fiber-Optic Lighting
17.37 Fiber-Optic Terminology
17.38 Fiber-Optic Lighting—Arrangements and Applications
17.39 Hollow Light Guides
17.40 Prismatic Light Guides
17.41 Prismatic Film Light Guide
17.42 Remote-Source Standards and Nomenclature
Chapter 18 WATER AND BASIC DESIGN
18.1 Water in Architecture
18.2 The Hydrologic Cycle
18.3 Basic Planning
18.4 Rainwater
18.5 Collection and Storage
18.6 Rainwater and Site Planning
18.7 Components
18.8 Case Study—Water and Basic Design
Chapter 19 WATER SUPPLY
19.1 Water Quality
19.2 Filtration
19.3 Disinfection
19.4 Other Water Treatments
19.5 Water Sources
19.6 Hot Water Systems and Equipment
19.7 Fixtures and Water Conservation
19.8 Fixture Accessibility and Privacy
19.9 Water Distribution
19.10 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Controls
19.11 Sizing of Water Pipes
19.12 Irrigation
Chapter 20 LIQUID WASTE
20.1 Waterless Toilets and Urinals
20.2 Principles of Drainage
20.3 Piping, Fittings, and Accessories
20.4 Design of Residential Waste Piping
20.5 Design of Larger-Building Waste Piping
20.6 On-Site Individual Building Sewage Treatment
20.7 On-Site Multiple-Building Sewage Treatment
20.8 Larger-Scale Sewage Treatment Systems
20.9 Recycling and Graywater
20.10 Storm Water Treatment
20.11 Case Study—Water Conservation and Resource Design
Chapter 21 SOLID WASTE
21.1 Waste and Resources
21.2 Resource Recovery: Central or Local?
21.3 Solid Waste in Small Buildings
21.4 Solid Waste in Large Buildings
21.5 Equipment for the Handling of Solid Waste
21.6 The Service Core
PART V ACOUSTICS
Chapter 22 FUNDAMENTALS OF ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS
22.1 Architectural Acoustics
22.2 Sound
22.3 Hearing
22.4 Sound Sources
22.5 Expressing Sound Magnitude
22.6 Noise
22.7 Vibration
Chapter 23 SOUND IN ENCLOSED SPACES
23.1 Sound in Enclosures
Absorption
23.2 Sound Absorption
23.3 Mechanics of Absorption
23.4 Absorptive Materials
23.5 Installation of Absorptive Materials
Room Acoustics
23.6 Reverberation
23.7 Sound Fields in an Enclosed Space
23.8 Sound Power Level and Sound Pressure Level
23.9 Noise Reduction by Absorption
23.10 Noise Reduction Coefficient
Room Design
23.11 Reverberation Criteria for Speech Rooms
23.12 Criteria for Music Performance
23.13 Sound Paths
23.14 Ray Diagrams
23.15 Auditorium Design
Sound Reinforcement Systems
23.16 Objectives and Criteria
23.17 Components and Specifications
23.18 Loudspeaker Considerations
Chapter 24 BUILDING NOISE CONTROL
Noise Reduction
Absorption
24.1 The Role of Absorption
24.2 Panel and Cavity Resonators
24.3 Acoustically Transparent Surfaces
24.4 Absorption Recommendations
24.5 Characteristics of Absorptive Materials
Sound Isolation
24.6 Airborne and Structure-Borne Sound
Airborne Sound
24.7 Transmission Loss and Noise Reduction
24.8 Barrier Mass
24.9 Stiffness and Resonance
24.10 Compound Barriers (Cavity Walls)
24.11 Sound Transmission Class
24.12 Composite Walls and Leaks
24.13 Doors and Windows
24.14 Diffraction: Barriers
24.15 Flanking
Speech Privacy
24.16 Principles of Speech Privacy between Enclosed Spaces
24.17 Sound Isolation Descriptors
24.18 Speech Privacy Design for Enclosed Spaces
24.19 Principles of Speech Privacy in Open-Area Offices
24.20 Open-Office Speech Privacy Levels and Descriptors
24.21 Design Recommendations for Speech Privacy in Open Offices
Structure-Borne Noise
24.22 Structure-Borne Impact Noise
24.23 Control of Impact Noise
24.24 Impact Insulation Class
Mechanical System Noise Control
24.25 Mechanical Noise Sources
24.26 Quieting of Machines
24.27 Duct System Noise Reduction
24.28 Active Noise Cancellation
24.29 Piping System Noise Reduction
24.30 Electrical Equipment Noise
24.31 Noise Problems Due to Equipment Location
24.32 Sound Isolation Enclosures, Barriers, and Damping
STC and IIC Recommendations and Criteria
24.33 Multiple-Occupancy Residential STC/IIC Criteria
24.34 Specific Occupancies
Outdoor Acoustic Considerations
24.35 Sound Power and Pressure Levels in Free Space (Outdoors)
24.36 Building Siting
Reference Material
24.37 Glossary
24.38 Reference Standards
24.39 Units and Conversions
24.40 Symbols
PART VI FIRE PROTECTION
Chapter 25 FIRE PROTECTION
Fire Resistance, Egress, and Extinguishment
25.1 Design for Fire Resistance
25.2 Smoke Control
25.3 Water for Fire Suppression
25.4 Other Fire-Mitigating Methods
25.5 Lightning Protection
Fire Alarm Systems
25.6 General Considerations
25.7 Fire Codes, Authorities, and Standards
25.8 Fire Alarm Definitions and Terms
25.9 Types of Fire Alarm Systems
25.10 Circuit Supervision
25.11 Conventional Systems
25.12 System Coding
25.13 Signal Processing
25.14 Addressable Fire Alarm Systems
25.15 Addressable Analog (Intelligent) Systems
25.16 Automatic Fire Detection: Incipient Stage
25.17 Automatic Fire Detection: Smoldering Stage
25.18 Automatic Fire Detection: Flame Stage
25.19 Automatic Fire Detection: Heat Stage
25.20 Special Types of Fire Detectors
25.21 False Alarm Mitigation
25.22 Manual Stations
25.23 Sprinkler Alarms
25.24 Audible and Visual Alarm Devices
25.25 General Recommendations
25.26 Residential Fire Alarm Basics
25.27 Multiple-Dwelling Alarm Systems
25.28 Commercial and Institutional Building Alarm Systems
25.29 High-Rise Office Building Fire Alarm Systems
25.30 Industrial Facilities
PART VII ELECTRICITY
Chapter 26 PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY
26.1 Electric Energy
26.2 Unit of Electric Current—the Ampere
26.3 Unit of Electric Potential—the Volt
26.4 Unit of Electric Resistance—the Ohm
26.5 Ohm’s Law
26.6 Circuit Arrangements
26.7 Direct Current and Alternating Current
26.8 Electric Power Generation—DC
26.9 Electric Power Generation—AC
26.10 Power and Energy
26.11 Power in Electric Circuits
26.12 Energy in Electric Circuits
26.13 Electric Demand Charges
26.14 Electric Demand Control
26.15 Electrical Measurements
Chapter 27 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS: SERVICE AND UTILIZATION
27.1 Electric Service
27.2 Overhead Service
27.3 Underground Service
27.4 Underground Wiring
27.5 Service Equipment
27.6 Transformers
27.7 Transformers Outdoors
27.8 Transformers Indoors: Heat Loss
27.9 Transformers Indoors: Selection
27.10 Transformer Vaults
27.11 Service Equipment Arrangements and Metering
27.12 Service Switch(es)
27.13 Switches
27.14 Contactors
27.15 Special Switches
27.16 Solid-State Switches, Programmable Switches, Microprocessors, and Programmable Controllers
27.17 Equipment Enclosures
27.18 Circuit-Protective Devices
27.19 Switchboards and Switchgear
27.20 Unit Substations (Transformer Load Centers)
27.21 Panelboards
27.22 Principles of Electric Load Control
27.23 Intelligent Panelboards
27.24 Electric Motors
27.25 Motor Control Standards
27.26 Motor Control
27.27 Motor Control Equipment
27.28 Wiring Devices: General Description
27.29 Wiring Devices: Receptacles
27.30 Wiring Devices: Switches
27.31 Wiring Devices: Specialties
27.32 Low-Voltage Switching
27.33 Wireless Switching and Control
27.34 Power Line Carrier Systems
27.35 Power Conditioning
27.36 Power Conditioning Equipment
27.37 Surge Suppression
27.38 Uninterruptible Power Supply
27.39 Emergency/Standby Power Equipment
27.40 System Inspection
Chapter 28 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND MATERIALS: WIRING AND RACEWAYS
28.1 System Components
28.2 National Electrical Code
28.3 Economic and Environmental Considerations
28.4 Electrical Equipment Ratings
28.5 Interior Wiring Systems
28.6 Conductors
28.7 Conductor Ampacity
28.8 Conductor Insulation and Jackets
28.9 Copper and Aluminum Conductors
28.10 Flexible Armored Cable
28.11 Nonmetallic Sheathed Cable (Romex)
28.12 Conductors for General Wiring
28.13 Special Cable Types
28.14 Busway/Busduct/Cablebus
28.15 Light-Duty Busway, Flat-Cable Assemblies, and Lighting Track
28.16 Cable Tray
28.17 Design Considerations for Raceway Systems
28.18 Steel Conduit
28.19 Aluminum Conduit
28.20 Flexible Metal Conduit
28.21 Nonmetallic Conduit
28.22 Surface Metal Raceways (Metallic and Nonmetallic)
28.23 Outlet and Device Boxes
28.24 Floor Raceways
28.25 Underfloor Duct
28.26 Cellular Metal Floor Raceway
28.27 Precast Cellular Concrete Floor Raceways
28.28 Full-Access Floor
28.29 Under-Carpet Wiring System
28.30 Ceiling Raceways and Manufactured Wiring Systems
Chapter 29 ELECTRIC WIRING DESIGN
29.1 General Considerations
29.2 Load Estimating
29.3 System Voltage
29.4 Grounding and Ground-Fault Protection
29.5 Energy Conservation Considerations
29.6 Electrical Wiring Design Procedure
29.7 Electrical Equipment Spaces
29.8 Electrical Closets
29.9 Equipment Layout
29.10 Application of Overcurrent Equipment
29.11 Branch Circuit Design
29.12 Branch Circuit Design Guidelines: Residential
29.13 Branch Circuit Design Guidelines: Nonresidential
29.14 Load Tabulation
29.15 Spare Capacity
29.16 Feeder Capacity
29.17 Panel Feeder Load Calculation
29.18 Harmonic Currents
29.19 Riser Diagrams
29.20 Service Equipment and Switchboard Design
29.21 Emergency Systems
Chapter 30 PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS
30.1 A Context for Photovoltaics
30.2 Terminology and Definitions
30.3 PV Cells
30.4 PV Arrays
30.5 PV System Types and Applications
30.6 PV System Batteries
30.7 Balance of System
30.8 Design of a Stand-Alone PV System
30.9 Design of a Grid-Connected PV System
30.10 Codes and Standards
30.11 PV Installations
30.12 Case Study—PV
PART VIII SIGNAL SYSTEMS
Chapter 31 SIGNAL SYSTEMS
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Principles of Intrusion Detection
Private Residential Systems
31.3 General Information
31.4 Residential Intrusion Alarm Systems
31.5 Residential Intercom Systems
31.6 Residential Telecommunication and Data Systems
31.7 Premise Wiring
Multiple-Dwelling Systems
31.8 Multiple-Dwelling Entry and Security Systems
31.9 Multiple-Dwelling Television Systems
31.10 Multiple-Dwelling Telephone Systems
31.11 Hotels and Motels
School Systems
31.12 General Information
31.13 School Security Systems
31.14 School Clock and Program Systems
31.15 School Intercom Systems
31.16 School Sound Systems
31.17 School Electronic Teaching Equipment
Office Building Systems
31.18 General Information
31.19 Office Building Security Systems
31.20 Office Building Communications Systems
31.21 Office Building Communications Planning
31.22 Office Building Control and Automation Systems
Industrial Building Systems
31.23 General Information
31.24 Industrial Building Personnel Access Control
31.25 Industrial Building Sound and Paging Systems
Automation
31.26 General Information
31.27 Stand-Alone Lighting Control Systems
31.28 Building Automation Systems
31.29 Glossary of Computer and Control Terminology
31.30 BAS Arrangement
31.31 Intelligent Buildings
31.32 Intelligent Residences
Building Physical Security
PART IX TRANSPORTATION
Chapter 32 VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION: PASSENGER ELEVATORS
General Information
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Passenger Elevators
32.3 Codes and Standards
Traction Elevator Equipment
32.4 Principal Components
32.5 Gearless Traction Machines
32.6 Geared Traction Machines
32.7 Arrangement of Elevator Machines, Sheaves, and Ropes
32.8 Safety Devices
Hydraulic Elevators
32.9 Conventional Plunger-Type Hydraulic Elevators
32.10 Hole-less Hydraulic Elevators
32.11 Roped Hydraulic Elevators
Passenger Interaction Issues
32.12 Elevator Doors
32.13 Cars and Signals
32.14 Requirements for the Disabled
Elevator Car Control
32.15 Drive Control
32.16 Thyristor Control, AC and DC
32.17 Variable-Voltage DC Motor Control
32.18 Variable-Voltage, Variable-Frequency AC Motor Control
32.19 Elevator Operating Control
32.20 System Control Requirements
32.21 Single Automatic Pushbutton Control
32.22 Collective Control
32.23 Selective Collective Operation
32.24 Computerized System Control
32.25 Rehabilitation Work: Performance Prediction
32.26 Lobby Elevator Panel
32.27 Car Operating Panel
Elevator Selection
32.28 General Considerations
32.29 Definitions
32.30 Interval or Lobby Dispatch Time and Average Lobby Waiting Time
32.31 Handling Capacity
32.32 Travel Time or Average Trip Time
32.33 Round-Trip Time
32.34 System Relationships
32.35 Car Speed
32.36 Single-Zone Systems
32.37 Multizone Systems
32.38 Elevator Selection for Specific Occupancies
Physical Properties and Spatial Requirements of Elevators
32.39 Shafts and Lobbies
32.40 Dimensions and Weights
32.41 Structural Stresses
Power and Energy
32.42 Power Requirements
32.43 Energy Requirements
32.44 Energy Conservation
32.45 Emergency Power
Special Considerations
32.46 Fire Safety
32.47 Elevator Security
32.48 Elevator Noise
32.49 Elevator Specifications
32.50 Innovative Equipment
32.51 Case Study—Vertical Transportation
Chapter 33 VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION: SPECIAL TOPICS
Special Shaft Arrangements
33.1 Sky Lobby Elevator System
33.2 Double-Deck Elevators
Freight Elevators
33.3 General Information
33.4 Freight Car Capacity
33.5 Freight Elevator Description
33.6 Freight Elevator Cars, Gates, and Doors
33.7 Freight Elevator Cost Data
Special Elevator Designs
33.8 Observation Cars
33.9 Inclined Elevators
33.10 Aerial Trams
33.11 Rack and Pinion Elevators
33.12 Residential Elevators and Chair Lifts
33.13 Innovative Motor Drives
Materials Handling
33.14 General Information
33.15 Manual Load/Unload Dumbwaiters
33.16 Automated Dumbwaiters
33.17 Horizontal Conveyors
33.18 Selective Vertical Conveyors
33.19 Pneumatic Tubes
33.20 Pneumatic Trash and Linen Systems
33.21 Automated Container Delivery Systems
33.22 Automated Self-Propelled Vehicles
33.23 Materials Handling Summary
Chapter 34 MOVING STAIRWAYS AND WALKS
Moving Electric Stairways
34.1 General Information
34.2 Parallel and Crisscross Arrangements
34.3 Location
34.4 Size, Speed, Capacity, and Rise
34.5 Components
34.6 Safety Features
34.7 Fire Protection
34.8 Lighting
34.9 Escalator Applications
34.10 Elevators and Escalators
34.11 Electric Power Requirements
34.12 Special-Design Escalators
34.13 Preliminary Design Data and Installation Drawings
34.14 Budget Estimating for Escalators
Moving Walks and Ramps
34.15 General Information
34.16 Application of Moving Walks
34.17 Application of Moving Ramps
34.18 Size, Capacity, and Speed
34.19 Components
PART X APPENDICES
Appendix A Metrication, SI Units, and Conversions
Appendix B Climatic Conditions for the United States, Canada, and Mexico
Appendix C Solar and Daylighting Design Data
Appendix D Solar Geometry
Appendix E Thermal Properties of Materials and Assemblies
Appendix F Ventilation and Infiltration
Appendix G Heating and Cooling Design Guidelines and Information
Appendix H Standards/Guidelines for Energy- and Resource-Efficient Building Design
Appendix I Annual Solar Performance
Appendix J Economic Analysis
Appendix K Sound Transmission Data
Appendix L Design Analysis Software
Index
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 6.10.2014 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | New York |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 155 x 229 mm |
| Gewicht | 23 g |
| Themenwelt | Sachbuch/Ratgeber ► Freizeit / Hobby ► Heimwerken / Do it yourself |
| Technik ► Architektur | |
| ISBN-10 | 1-118-99992-4 / 1118999924 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-118-99992-9 / 9781118999929 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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