Quinolones (eBook)

Vincent T. Andriole (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2000 | 3. Auflage
517 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-052578-5 (ISBN)

Infos

Quinolones constitute a large class of synthetic antimicrobial agents that are highly effective in the treatment of many types of infectious diseases, particularly those caused by bacteria. New quinolones are continually being developed as bacterial species develop resistance to existing quinolones. This book presents the most current information available in our continual struggle to conquer disease. Over time, bacteria become resistant to medicines that are used to combat them. Because of this, the medical world is always in search of new and improved ways to battle these disease-causing bacteria. Quinolones are at the forefront of this research. Edited by one of the world's foremost authorities on the subject, the third edition of this highly successful title will serve as a valuable tool for primary care physicians and researchers interested in a comprehensive, up-to-date reference on the chemistry, mechanisms of action, development of resistance, and clinical efficacy of both currently available and newer quinolone compounds under investigation. This is the eagerly anticipated fully revised edition of the standard reference in the field. - Eagerly anticipated updated edition of noted title covering synthetic microbial agents that are useful against infectious disease, particularly those caused by bacteria - Edited by one of the foremost experts in the field of quinolone research and infectious disease - History of quinolones, chemistry & mechanisms of action, pharmacology, safety aspects - Role of quinolones in treating various types of infections, including respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, STDs and bacterial meningitis as well as their use in immunocompromised patients

Vincent T. Andriole received his B.S. from College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts, and his M.D. from Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. He received his post-graduate training at the North Carolina Memorial Hospital, North Carolina Hospital, National Institutes of Health, and Yale University School of Medicine. He has served on the faculty of Yale since 1963, and is currently Professor of Medicine and a member of the Board of Permanent Officers. He has served as Editor for several journals, and is presently the Editor for Mediguide to Infectious Diseases, Cliniguide to Fungal Infections, and Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases. He is the International Adviser for The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. He has also served on the Editorial Board and as a Reviewer for numerous journals. Dr. Andriole has been amember of several national committees and is a member of several professional societies; he has won a number of awards and honors. In addition to editing six books, Dr. Andriole has published 176 original articles, 72 reviews and chapters, and 85 abstracts and preliminary notes.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
The Quinolones 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 16
Preface 20
Chapter 1. The Quinolones: History and Overview 22
Introduction 23
Antibacterial Activity 27
Bacterial Resistance To Fluoroquinolones 29
Clinical Pharmacology 30
Clinical Uses 33
Pharmacoeconomic Aspects of Fluoroquinolone Usage 37
Use of Fluoroquinolones in Pediatrics 38
Adverse Drug Reactions 40
Interactions with Other Drugs 43
Conclusion 44
References 45
Chapter 2. Chemistry and Mechanism of Action of the Quinolone Antibacterials 54
Introduction 55
Structural and Historical Background 55
Third- and Fourth-Generation Quinolones 63
Future Directions 78
Mechanism of Action 82
Conclusion 102
References 103
Chapter 3. Comparative In-Vitro Properties of the Quinolones 120
Introduction 120
Gram-Negative Aerobes 123
Gram-Positive Aerobes 138
Anaerobes 146
Miscellaneous Organisms 151
Conclusion 153
References 153
Chapter 4. Bacterial Resistance to Quinolones:Mechanisms and Clinical Implications 160
Introduction 161
Mechanisms of Quinolone Resistance 161
Gram-Negative Bacteria 161
Gram-Positive Bacteria 167
Clinical Impact of Bacterial Resistance to Quinolones 170
References 177
Chapter 5. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the Fluoroquinolones 190
Introduction 191
Basic Concepts of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics 191
Pharmacokinetics 192
Pharmacodynamics 206
Conclusion 212
References 212
Chapter 6. Use of Quinolones in Urinary Tract Infection and Prostatitis 224
Introduction 224
Urinary Tract Infection 225
Pharmacology 228
Microbiology 228
Clinical Studies 230
Conclusion 239
References 239
Chapter 7. Use of the Quinolones in Sexually Transmitted Diseases 248
Introduction 249
Gonococcal Infections 250
Chlamydia trachomatics 256
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 259
Chancroid 260
Donovanosis 262
Bacterial Vaginosis 262
Special Toxicity Considerations When Quinolones are Used For Treating Sexually Transmitted Diseases 263
Conclusion 264
References 264
Chapter 8. Treatment of Respiratory Infections with Quinolones 276
Introduction 276
Clinical Issues in the Therapy of Respiratory Infection 278
Pharmacological Advantages for the Use of Quinolones in Respiratory Infection 283
Microbiologic Advantages of Quinolones for Respiratory Infection 288
Clinical Efficacy of Quinolones for The Therapy of Respiratory Tract Infections 292
Conclusion 297
References 298
Chapter 9. Use of Quinolones in Surgery and Obstetrics and Gynecology 306
Introduction 306
Surgical Wound Prophylaxis 307
Soft Tissue Infection 309
Intraabdominal Infection 310
Gynecologic Infections 312
Postoperative Pelvic Infections 314
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease 315
Upper Genital Tract Infection 316
Pregnancy 317
Conclusion 318
References 318
Chapter 10. Use of the Quinolones for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bacterial Gastrointestinal Infections 324
Introduction 325
Clinical Studies 326
Antimicrobial Resistance to Quinolones 337
Conclusion 338
References 339
Chapter 11. Use of the Quinolones in Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis 346
Introduction 346
Pharmacology 347
Microbiology 356
Studies of Clinical Efficacy 357
Conclusion 360
References 360
Chapter 12. Use of the Quinolones in Immunocompromised Patients 364
Introduction 364
Risk Factors and Associated Infections 365
Rationale for Fluoroquinolone Use 367
Effect of Fluoroquinolones on Endogenous Microflora 368
Infection Prevention in Afebrile Neutropenic Patients 369
Empiric Therapy in Febrile Neutropenic Patients 371
Risk-Based Therapy for Febrile Neutropenia 373
Treatment Of Specific Infections 375
Conclusion 380
References 381
Chapter 13. Use of the Quinolones in Skin and Skin structure (Osteomyelitis) and Other Infections 392
Introduction 392
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection 393
Bone and Joint Infection 399
Conclusion 410
References 411
Chapter 14. Safety Overview: Toxicity, Adverse Effects,and Drug Interactions 418
Introduction 419
Toxicity Of Quinolones (Studies in Animals) 420
Adverse Effects of Fluoroquinolones in Clinical Studies 434
Drug Interactions 454
References 463
Chapter 15. Use of the Quinolones in Pediatrics 476
Introduction 476
Animal Data 477
Pharmacokinetics 481
Clinical Experiences 481
Newest Compounds 488
Recommendations 489
Conclusion 489
References 490
Chapter 16. The Quinolones: Prospects 498
Introduction 498
Molecular Mechanisms of The Quinolones: Key Discoveries 499
Microbiology 501
Pharmacokinetics 502
Clinical Uses 503
Adverse Events 504
Quinolones: Future Developments 507
Current Quinolone Status and Classification 508
Conclusion 511
References 512
Index 518

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 9.10.2000
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Sachbuch/Ratgeber
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Allgemeines / Lexika
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Gesundheitsfachberufe
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Pharmakologie / Pharmakotherapie
• Themenwelt: Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Infektiologie / Immunologie
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie
• Themenwelt: Technik
• ISBN-10: 0-08-052578-4 / 0080525784
• ISBN-13: 978-0-08-052578-5 / 9780080525785