From Clinic to Concentration Camp

Reassessing Nazi Medical and Racial Research, 1933-1945

Buch | Softcover

392 Seiten

2021
Routledge (Verlag)
978-1-032-09693-3 (ISBN)

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Representing a new wave of research and analysis on Nazi human experiments and coerced research, the essays in this volume deliberately break with a top-down history limited to concentration camp experiments under the control of Himmler and the SS. Instead the collection positions extreme experiments (where research subjects were taken to the po

Representing a new wave of research and analysis on Nazi human experiments and coerced research, the chapters in this volume deliberately break from a top-down history limited to concentration camp experiments under the control of Himmler and the SS. Instead the collection positions extreme experiments (where research subjects were taken to the point of death) within a far wider spectrum of abusive coerced research. The book considers the experiments not in isolation but as integrated within wider aspects of medical provision as it became caught up in the Nazi war economy, revealing that researchers were opportunistic and retained considerable autonomy. The sacrifice of so many prisoners, patients and otherwise healthy people rounded up as detainees raises important issues about the identities of the research subjects: who were they, how did they feel, how many research subjects were there and how many survived? This underworld of the victims of the elite science of German medical institutes and clinics has until now remained a marginal historical concern. Jews were a target group, but so were gypsies/Sinti and Roma, the mentally ill, prisoners of war and partisans. By exploring when and in what numbers scientists selected one group rather than another, the book provides an important record of the research subjects having agency, reconstructing responses and experiential narratives, and recording how these experiments – iconic of extreme racial torture – represent one of the worst excesses of Nazism.

Paul Weindling is Research Professor in the History of Medicine at Oxford Brookes University, UK. His research covers evolution and society, public health, and human experimentation post-1800. He has especial interests in eugenics, human experiments, corporate philanthropies in the field of international health, and medical refugees from Nazi Germany. He has published on victims and survivors of Nazi experiments and develops research on the thousands of victims and their body parts.

List of figures

Notes on contributors

Acknowledgements

PART ONE: Contexts

1. Introduction: a new historiography of the Nazi medical

experiments and coerced research

PAUL WEINDLING

2. The use and abuse of medical research ethics: the German

Richtlinien/guidelines for human subject research as an

instrument for the protection of research subjects –

and of medical science, ca. 1931–1961/64

VOLKER ROELCKE

3. The Society of German Neurologists and Psychiatrists and

research in the context of eugenics and "euthanasia"

HANS-WALTER SCHMUHL

PART TWO: Clinics and the sciences

4. Research on the boundary between life and death: coercive

experiments on pregnant women and their foetuses during

National Socialism

GABRIELE CZARNOWSKI AND SABINE HILDEBRANDT

5. August Hirt and the supply of corpses at the Anatomical

Institute of the Reichsuniversität Strassburg (1941–1944)

RAPHAEL TOLEDANO

6. Nazi anthropology and the taking of face masks: face and

death masks in the anthropological collection of the

Natural History Museum, Vienna

MARGIT BERNER

7. Beyond Spiegelgrund and Berkatit: human experimentation

and coerced research at the Vienna School of Medicine,

1939 to 1945

HERWIG CZECH

8. Murdering the sick in the name of progress? The Heidelberg

psychiatrist cart Schneider as a brain researcher and

‘therapeutic idealist’

MAIKE ROTZOLL AND GERRIT HOHENDORF

9. Der Kinderfachabteilung vorzuschlagen: the selection and elimination

of children at the Youth Psychiatric Clinic Loben (1941–45)

KAMILA UZARCZYK

PART THREE: Concentration camps

10. Children as victims of medical experiments in concentration

camps

ASTRID LEY

11. The story of how the Ravensbrück "Rabbits" were captured

in photos

ALEKSANDRA LOEWENAU

12. Rascher and the "Russians": human experimentation on Soviet

prisoners in Dachau – a new perspective

NICHOLA FARRON

13. Heißmeyer’s forgotten victims: tuberculosis experiments on

adults in Neuengamme 1944–45

ANNA VON VILLIEZ

PART FOUR: Legacies

14. From witness to indictee: Eugen Haagen and his court hearings

from the Nuremberg Medical Trial (1946–47) to the Struthof

Medical Trials (1952–54)

CHRISTIAN BONAH AND FLORIAN SCHMALTZ

15. Informed testimonies: physicians’ accounts of Nazi medical

experiments in the context of early Czechoslovak war crimes

investigations, 1945–48

MICHAL V. SIMUNEK

16. Post-war legacies, 1945–2015: victims, bodies, and brain tissues 000

PAUL WEINDLING

Index

Erscheinungsdatum	01.07.2021
Reihe/Serie	The History of Medicine in Context
Zusatzinfo	21 Illustrations, black and white
Verlagsort	London
Sprache	englisch
Maße	156 x 234 mm
Gewicht	453 g
Themenwelt	Naturwissenschaften
	Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Politische Systeme
	Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung ► Politische Theorie
ISBN-10	1-032-09693-4 / 1032096934
ISBN-13	978-1-032-09693-3 / 9781032096933
Zustand	Neuware