Solid State Electrochemistry and its Applications to Sensors and Electronic Devices (eBook)

K.S. Goto (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2013 | 1. Auflage
465 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-1-4832-9001-0 (ISBN)

Infos

Based on the author's lecture notes for a course on Physical Chemistry of Oxides at High Temperatures held at the Graduate School of the Tokyo Institute of Technology, this book examines the micromechanism of migration of ions and electronic defects contained in solid and liquid oxides at high temperature.
The book is primarily designed for use as a graduate-level text and includes 150 problems for students. The emphasis is on introduction of simple theories for transport properties of oxides, which can be universally used at low and high temperatures, for various combinations of oxides.

Inhalt

Front Cover 1
Solid State Electrochemistry and its Applications to Sensors and Electronic Devices 4
Copyright page 5
Dedication 6
Preface 7
Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 12
1.1 The Scope of the Book 12
1.2 Importance of Oxides in Metallurgy 13
1.3 Oxides as Functional Elements in Microelectronics 16
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 1 20
Chapter 2. IONIC AND ELECTRONIC CONDUCTION OF SOLID AND LIQUID OXIDES AND OF OTHER IONIC COMPOUNDS 23
2.1 Definition of Ionic and Electronic Conductivity 23
2.2 Relation between the Conductivity and Temperature and Oxygen Pressure 26
2.3 Classification of Oxides, Nitrides, Sulfides, Sulfates, and Superionic Conductors according to the Conduction Mechanism 35
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 2 48
Chapter 3. RELATION BETWEEN THE CONDUCTIVITY AND DIFFUSIVITY OF IONS IN OXIDES 51
3.1 A General Derivation of Nernst-Einstein Relation 51
3.2 Validity of Nernst-Einstein Relation in Solid Halides and Solid Oxides 56
3.3 The Validity in Liquid Halides and Liquid Oxides 60
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 3 70
Chapter 4. DIFFUSION OF IONS IN SOLID AND LIQUID OXIDES 72
4.1 Relation between Tracer Diffusivity and Interdiffusivity in Oxides 72
4.2 Diffusivity of Ions in Solid Oxides 79
4.3 Diffusivities of Ions in Liquid Oxides 91
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 4 98
Chapter 5. TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN OXIDES WITH MULTICOMPONENTS 101
5.1 Definition of Transport Coefficients 101
5.2 Relation between Transport Coefficients and Measurable Physical Properties 103
5.3 Calculation of Transport Coefficients 109
5.4 Measurement of Various Transport Properties 111
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 5 134
Chapter 6. EQUILIBRIUM ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE OF GALVANIC CELLS WITH SOLID ELECTROLYTES OF OXYGEN ANION CONDUCTION 136
6.1 Virtual Cell Reaction and Electromotive Force 136
6.2 C. Wagner's General Equation of the EMF for Electrolytes of Multi-Charge Carriers 142
6.3 Galvanic Cells with Solid Electrolytes of Oxygen Anion Conduction for Thermodynamic Studies at High Temperature 146
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 6 165
Chapter 7. GALVANIC CELLS WITH ELECTROLYTES WITH NON-OXYGEN CONDUCTION 167
7.1 Galvanic Cells with Solid Electrolytes of Cation Conduction 167
7.2 Galvanic Cells with Solid Electrolytes of Sulfides, Sulfates, and Nitrides 184
7.3 Electrochemical Knudsen Cell with Solid Electrolyte of Agl 194
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 7 204
Chapter 8. OVERPOTENTIAL AT INTERFACE BETWEEN A METAL AND AN OXIDE WITH IONIC CONDUCTION 207
8.1 Direct Current Overpotential and Faradaic Impedance Induced by Diffusion or Charge Transfer Reaction 207
8.2 Determination of Interdiffusivity of Oxygen in Metals 222
8.3 Use of Solid Electrolytes for Kinetic Studies 228
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 8 240
Chapter 9. ELECTROCHEMICAL KINETICS AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN METALS AND LIQUID OXIDES WITH IONIC CONDUCTION 242
9.1 Ionic Theory of Liquid Oxides 242
9.2 Electrolysis of Liquid Oxides and Nature of Charge Carriers 246
9.3 Electrode Kinetic Theory on Liquid Oxides/Metal Interface 254
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 9 274
Chapter 10. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF OXYGEN SENSORS WITH SOLID ELECTROLYTES OF OXYGEN ANION CONDUCTION 277
10.1 Introduction 277
10.2 Oxygen Analysis in Waste Gases of Boilers and Various Industrial Furnaces 284
10.3 Total Oxygen Demand in Waste Water and Combustion Control of Gasoline Engines 294
10.4 Determination of Oxygen Content in Liquid Metals at Plants of Nonferrous Metallurgy 300
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 10 308
Chapter 11. SOLID-OXIDE OXYGEN SENSORS FOR THE STEELMAKING INDUSTRY 310
11.1 Structure of Commercial Oxygen Sensors 310
11.2 Change of Oxygen Content in Steel during its Refining 315
11.3 On-Line Use of Oxygen Sensors 319
11.4 Oxygen Sensors for Liquid Slags 324
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 11 342
Chapter 12. VARIOUS CHEMICAL SENSORS WITH SOLID OXIDES 344
12.1 Classification of Sensors 344
12.2 Gas Sensors with Semiconductor Oxides 347
12.3 Humidity Sensors with Resistivity Change of Oxides 359
12.4 Gas Sensors with Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistors 369
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 1 2 381
Chapter 13. VARIOUS OXIDES USED FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES 383
13.1 Perspective View on the Use of Solid Oxides for Electronic Devices 383
13.2 Fabrication of Thin Films of Solid Oxides 387
13.3 Applications of Solid State Electrochemistry of Oxides to Various Electronic Devices 401
REFERENCES TO CHAPTER 1 3 414
Appendix 416
(1) Problems for Discussion and Calculation for Chapter 2 to Chapter 13 417
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 2 418
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 3 420
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 4 422
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 5 424
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 6 426
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 7 429
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 8 432
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 9 435
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 10 437
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 11 439
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 12 441
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 13 443
(2) Table of Standard Free Energy of Reactions Involving Inorganic Compounds as Functions of Temperature 445
(3) Crystal Structures of Inorganic Compounds 453
(a) FOUR COMMON CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF OXIDES 454
(b) OTHER CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF COMPOUNDS 456
(c) PROBABLE IONIC STRUCTURE OF FUSED OXIDES 458
Subject index 460

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 22.10.2013
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Elektrotechnik / Energietechnik
• Themenwelt: Technik ► Maschinenbau
• ISBN-10: 1-4832-9001-8 / 1483290018
• ISBN-13: 978-1-4832-9001-0 / 9781483290010