Basics of Mechanical Ventilation (eBook)

Hooman Poor (Autor)

eBook Download: PDF

2018 | 1st ed. 2018
X, 132 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-319-89981-7 (ISBN)

Infos

This book is a practical and easily understandable guide for mechanical ventilation. With a focus on the basics, this text begins with a detailed account of the mechanisms of spontaneous breathing as a reference point to then describe how a ventilator actually works and how to effectively use it in practice. The text then details: the various modes of ventilation commonly used in clinical practice; patient-ventilator interactions and dyssynchrony; how to approach a patient on the ventilator with respiratory decompensation; the optimal ventilator management for common disease states like acute respiratory distress syndrome and obstructive lung disease; the process of ventilator weaning; and hemodynamic effects of mechanical ventilation. Written for medical students, residents, and practicing physicians in a variety of different specialties (including internal medicine, critical care, surgery and anesthesiology), this book will instruct readers on how to effectively manage a ventilator, as well as explain the underlying interactions between it and the critically ill patient.

Hooman Poor is an Assistant Professor of Medicine in the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. He attends regularly in the medical intensive care unit, teaching medical students, residents, and fellows. Dr. Poor is an acclaimed educator and has received many awards for his teaching. He lives in New York City with his wife and two children.

Inhalt

Preface 6
Contents 8
Chapter 1: Respiratory Mechanics 10
Lung Volume 10
Transpulmonary Pressure 11
Spontaneous Breathing 12
Inspiration 12
Expiration 15
Modeling the Respiratory System 16
Suggested Readings 19
Chapter 2: Phase Variables 20
Anatomy of a Breath 20
Trigger 21
Time Trigger 21
Patient Trigger 22
Assist-Control 25
Target 27
Flow Target 28
Pressure Target 29
Flow Vs. Pressure Target 30
Cycle 34
Baseline 35
Suggested Readings 36
Chapter 3: Basic Modes of Ventilation 37
Volume-Controlled Ventilation 37
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation 38
Pressure Support Ventilation 41
Volume-Controlled Ventilation Vs. Pressure-Controlled Ventilation 43
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation Vs. Pressure Support Ventilation 45
Suggested Readings 46
Chapter 4: Monitoring Respiratory Mechanics 47
Two-Component Model 47
Airway Pressures 50
Diagnostic Algorithm 52
Suggested Readings 56
Chapter 5: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 57
Volutrauma 58
Barotrauma 59
Atelectrauma 60
Permissive Hypercapnia 63
Suggested Readings 68
Chapter 6: Obstructive Lung Diseases 69
Breath Stacking and Auto-PEEP 69
Ventilator Management Strategies 76
Assist-Control 79
Volume-Controlled Ventilation 79
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation 80
Pressure Support Ventilation 81
Suggested Readings 81
Chapter 7: Patient-Ventilator Dyssynchrony 82
Trigger-Related Dyssynchrony 82
Ineffective Triggering 83
Extra Triggering 94
Target-Related Dyssynchrony 95
Cycle-Related Dyssynchrony 96
Suggested Readings 100
Chapter 8: Indications for Mechanical Ventilation 101
Increased Work of Breathing 101
Increased Demand 104
Neuromuscular Weakness 106
Alveolar Hypoventilation 106
Hypoxemia 107
Airway Protection 108
Suggested Readings 109
Chapter 9: Weaning from the Ventilator 110
Assessing Readiness to Wean 110
Spontaneous Breathing Trial 111
T-Piece Trial 112
Pressure Support Ventilation 114
Cuff Leak Test 117
Suggested Readings 119
Chapter 10: Hemodynamic Effects of Mechanical Ventilation 120
Cardiopulmonary System 120
Intrathoracic Pressure 122
Preload 123
Afterload 124
Specific Hemodynamic Conditions 128
Hypovolemia 129
Left Ventricular Failure 129
Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure 131
Suggested Readings 132
Index 133

Produkt-Details

• Erscheint lt. Verlag: 13.7.2018
• Zusatzinfo: X, 132 p. 58 illus., 27 illus. in color.
• Verlagsort: Cham
• Sprache: englisch
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Notfallmedizin
• Themenwelt: Medizin / Pharmazie ► Pflege
• Schlagworte: critical care medicine • lung disease • mechanical ventilation • respiratory failure • Respiratory Medicine • Ventilator
• ISBN-10: 3-319-89981-3 / 3319899813
• ISBN-13: 978-3-319-89981-7 / 9783319899817